Page 15 - Modelling in Transport Phenomena A Conceptual Approach

xii CONTENTS

3.2.2 Radiation Heat Transfer Coefficient .............. 49
3.3 MASS TRANSFER COEFFICIENT .................. 49
3.3.1 Physical Interpretation of Mass Transfer Coefficient ..... 51
3.3.2 Concentration at the Phase Interface .............. 52
3.4 DIMENSIONLESS NUMBERS ..................... 54
3.5 TRANSPORT ANALOGIES ...................... 56
3.5.1 The Reynolds Analogy ...................... 56
3.5.2 The Chilton-Colburn Analogy .................. 57
4 Evaluation of Transfer Coefficients: Engineering Correlations 65
4.1 REFERENCE TEMPERATURE AND CONCENTRATION .... 66
4.1.1 Bulk Temperature and Concentration ............. 66
4.1.2 Film Temperature and Concentration ............. 66
4.2 FLOW PAST A FLAT PLATE ..................... 67
4.3 FLOW PAST A SINGLE SPHERE ................... 74
4.3.1 Friction Factor Correlations .................... 75
4.3.2 Heat Transfer Correlations ................... 82
4.3.3 Mass 'Ikansfer Correlations ................... 84
4.4 FLOW NORMAL TO A SINGLE CnINDER ............ 87
4.4.1 Friction Factor Correlations ................... 87
4.4.2 Heat Transfer Correlations ................... 89
4.4.3 Mass Transfer Correlations ................... 92
4.5 FLOW IN CIRCULAR PIPES ..................... 94
4.5.1 Friction Factor Correlations ................... 95
4.5.2 Heat Transfer Correlations ................... 100
4.5.3 Mass Transfer Correlations ................... 107
4.5.4 Flow in Non-Circular Ducts ................... 110
4.6 FLOW IN PACKED BEDS ....................... 114

4.6.1 Friction Factor Correlations ................... 114
4.6.2 Heat Transfer Correlation .................... 117
4.6.3 Mass Transfer Correlation .................... 118

5 Rate of Generation in Momentum. Energy and Mass Transfer 133
5.1 RATE OF GENERATION IN MOMENTUM TRANSPORT .... 133
5.1.1 Momentum Generation As a Result of Gravitational Force . . 134
5.1.2 Momentum Generation As a Result of Pressure Force .... 134
5.1.3 Modified Pressure ........................ 135
5.2 RATE OF GENERATION IN ENERGY TRANSPORT ....... 136
5.3 RATE OF GENERATION IN MASS TRANSPORT ......... 138
5.3.1 Stoichiometry of a Chemical Reaction ............. 138
5.3.2 The Law of Combining Proportions .............. 140
5.3.3 Rate of Reaction ......................... 144