Page 16 - New Trends in Eco efficient and Recycled Concrete

Contents xv

19.6 Conclusions 536
Acknowledgements 537
References 537
20 Structural reliability of recycled aggregate concrete 541
Joa ˜o Pacheco and Jorge de Brito
20.1 Fundamental reliability concepts 541
20.2 Partial safety factor calibration of reinforced concrete 543
20.2.1 Sources of variability 543
20.2.2 Variability of concrete properties 544
20.2.3 Partial safety factors 548
20.3 Heterogeneity and reliability of RAC 550
20.4 Is recycled aggregates concrete less reliable than natural
aggregates concrete? 551
20.4.1 Material variability 551
20.4.2 Model uncertainties 553
20.4.3 Reliability analyses 555
20.5 Case studies of structural reliability of recycled aggregates
concrete 556
20.5.1 Experimental campaign on the variability of RAC 556
20.5.2 Reliability analysis of NAC and RAC beams:
methodology 561
20.5.3 Reliability analysis: ultimate limit-state 562
20.5.4 Reliability analysis: serviceability limit-state 566
20.6 Concluding remarks 567
References 568
Further reading 572

21 Real-scale applications of recycled aggregate concrete 573
Rui Vasco Silva, J.R. Jime ´nez, Francisco Agrela and Jorge de Brito
21.1 Introduction 573
21.2 Laboratory versus real-scale experiments 574
21.2.1 Road pavement construction 574
21.2.2 Structural and non-structural building applications 575
21.3 Case studies on the use of recycled aggregate concrete in road
pavement construction 577
21.3.1 Centre for pavement and transportation technology
at the University of Waterloo, Canada 577
21.3.2 Rigid pavement in St. Louis, Missouri, USA 577
21.3.3 Section Interstate-10 in Houston (Texas), USA 577
21.3.4 Austrian Salzberg-Vienna A1 concrete motorway 578
21.3.5 Biotechnology park in Dundee, United Kingdom 579
21.3.6 Rabanales bike lane in Co ´rdoba, Spain 579