Page 209 - Open-Hole Log Analysis and Formation Evaluation

PER
‘PROBABILITY OF EMISSION
DISINTEGRATION
the
,
FIGURE
FIGURE
Tittman
i"
4.460
10.3
re
40
10.2

University
La
MeY
|
(11%)
Decay
Gamma
GAMMA~RAY
of Kansas.
15
THORIUM
Scheme
) I
Whol...
t t
|
f i i
1956 by permission
of
T 2
seals
Ray Emission
ENERGY’
of the
70K.
URANIUM-RADIUM
SERIES
t
2.5
POTASSIUM
From
saree
(MeV)
Spectra
T 3
University
SERIES
Tittman

1956
of Kansas.
Decay
- 20
Ca
of Radioactive Minerals,

(89%)
by permission
From

of

ft
for
the
One
This
with
FIGURE
FIGURE
When
(kk
long
shale,”
Cathode
|
of
varying
defines
Radiation
Field
reasons,
Ray —>
13
counters
10.4

standard
~
=
10.5
as
24-ft
company
(installed
calibrated
+
gamma
the
radioactive
the
of
sandwiched
in
at
API
placed
may
Tube
ppm
CALIBRATION
Glass
radioactive
by
ray
pill
: 9 Ut Gamma Decay ; «40 : C rP oto! hotons : Beta Crystal { Scintillating pws : : MEASUREMENTS LOGGING 194 I. OPEN-HOLE 195 10. THE GAMMA RAY LOG
contains
this was
the
a
OF
8-ft
sandwich

place
53-in.
different
The
Scintillation
calibration is
calibration
is
difference
|~-——4
problems
illustrated in
its
cement
logs,.so
in

pill
found to
characteristics.
of
uranium,
from
sizes
central
Feet
sections
is
micrograms of
an
be
University
figure
24
Counter.
a
On
the
8-ft
tool in
and
system,
an
mixture
API
of
cased with
performed

gamma
as
10.5.
this
+
Gamma Ray Standard.
very
ppm
of neat
——_>|
radium
e
center
@)
since
pit
shapes
section
ray
Courtesy
with
old
per
of
a
to
all
200 API
standard
Neat
5%4-in. J55
Houston)
ton
Photons
Electrons
the
High Vacuum
0.1-millicurie
portland
Cement
A cylinder
Cement
unsatisfactory
Thorium
2” J55
logs,
thorium,
make
of
4
logging
encased
was
radioactivity between
Potassium
13
24
a
consisting
is
in
Portland
the
logging
Portland
casing.
4%
the
ft in
and
GAMMA RAY DETECTORS AND
source
Casing
ppm
ppm
units. . Any
of
gamma
portable jig
cement
contains
method
the
steel
of
4%
neat
on
devised.
scale
ray
‘an
that
formation:
Gearhart Industries,
LOGS
The API
A
calibration.
diameter
logging
cement
Inc.
For
choice
either
companies
radium
cement
might
test
and
housings
detector,
contains

many
be
use
of'a
of calibration
pit
mixed
of
potassium
side.
24
“artificial
226.
standard
and
a
service
it,