Page 23 - Open-Hole Log Analysis and Formation Evaluation

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TABLE
(VSP)
Order
order
to
The
tot.
Which
of
What
needed
(meters)
of
logging,
1.2
to
10
_
method.
Magnitude
5
-
for
formations,
by
the
__
Measurement
geophysicist,
then
.
:
surveys.
ofthem
Range
the
both
Core
Xray
‘Basin
are
calibrate
and
testing,
:
The
/
Seismic,
Satellite
while
geophysicist
Cuttings
(SEM):
Wireline
Sidewall
Formation
al well
Scanning
Borehole
Drillstem
analysis
spacing
Formation
Frequency
réservoir
the
or
the
~
analysis
Full-diameter
logs,
tests
by
Micro-focused
geologic
cores,
.
gravity,
and
drilling
needs
analysis
imagery
economic
structural
_
minerology
electron
(hertz)
electric
formation
geologist
cores
to
most
the
gravimeter,
Evaluation
conventional
evaluation.
studies
logs
(mud
reservoir
and
tests
:
parameters
Old
magnetics
Ultra
of Physical Principles
analysis
needs
know
and
Material
logs, coreplug
measurements
offers
the
microscope
Step-rate
to
conventional
Laterolog,
Dielectric
Dielectric
long
Induction,
seismic
the
logging)
and
a
'.
-
planning
convention-
Technique...
electric
.
~

well
_
boss
of
‘reservoir engineer needs to know the vertical
CEPT)
sonic
balance
(DCL)
logs
know
way
Sere
seismic
mineralogy of the formations through which the
sedimentary
| Measyirement Type
Rock
Local
Local
logging?
-° Local
the
Gross
_Micro
manager,
of
and
and
testing
the
production
Purpose
and
well
,
production
time-depth
and vertical
.
the
Used in Formation
pore
Productivity
and lateral
structure
porosity,
reserves
structure
permeability,
lithology
Rock properties
features,
optimum
gathering
hydrocarbon
structure
engineers
clay typing
stratigraphy
planning.
the
and
geologist,
Evaluation
relationship
content
extent of the
the

seismic profile
was drilled. The

in
can be provided by seismic records, by coring, by mud

of the
need?
the
recovery

data

- reservoir and 1.1 Formation Evaluation Perspective TABLE 1, FORMATION EVALUATION OVERVIEW ee UL Sor nr A
to
to
on
the
and
In
Flow
From
Fluid
many
when
Water
know
tance,
topics
Travel
The
better,
testing
mation
ducing
the
cability
needed
it
namely,
can give
provide
content,
rock
Pressure
Residual
Porosity,
Lithology
assess
is
proposals
to
type
rates
Formation
Logging
are
producing
From these
the
these
oil
the
the
times
Sedimentary

and
Permeability
Hydrocarbon
both
development;
dip
waterflooding
either
ranging
summary,
production,
manager
however,
questions
a
saturation
formation
remedial
wells,
data,
is
type
evaluation
and
and
integral
sanding
the
monitor
and,
properties;
evaluated

from
and
original
reservoir.
from
be
the
when
needs
of elastic
hydrocarbons
techniques
direct
operational.
primary
work
good
Coil,
be
a
saturations
and
parts
and
in
of waterflooding
to
in
logging
Log
its porosity
fact
environment
based
able
secondary recovety efforts
basic
measurements,
and
recoverability.
gas,
primary
injectivity
structure
waves
wide
and
dynamic behavior of the well
to

can
on
aware
problems.
that
or
of any
production
place.
in
properly
cased
(type
The
and
planned,
diagnose problems as the well
estimates
a
hydrocarbon
know the
hydrocarbon
geology
those
monitored.
associated
and
measurement
provide
monitor
holes
may
monitor
ages.
secondary
in
or pressure
Coring,
to
spectrum
vital
production
or
applied
its
engineer
be
residual
measurements,
formation
the
a
can
The
condensate)
core
formation
factors,
production
and
of porosity)
place;
will
of overpressure
movability
inputs
made
under production
good
majority ofthe parameters required.
problems
when
the
water
(fractures
secondary
logging
to

also
and
if it
progress
also
provide
economics.
or
progress
to
an
maintenance.
and
analysis,
can
and
measurements
evaluation
engineer
logging by itself cannot
of the
Of
when
need
of:
dynamic well behavior can be
exists;
much
properly
and
of special-interest
the
gauge
indication
Once
to
vugs)
tertiary
effort.
needs
saturations
Specifically,
recoverability;
and
profitability
answer
of:
the
economic
a
to
to
permeability,
of the
be
*
reservoir
of
need
answer all
know
logs
groups
installed.
cost

the well
on
appli-
formation
In
size
for-
data
fluid
know
calibrated,
study,
engineer may also need to
understood
is
the
conditions and need
recovery
great
pro-
for
can
abie
plan
equal-impor-
of the waterflood
of