Page 7 - Optofluidics Fundamentals, Devices, and Applications
P. 7
vi Co n t e n t s
2-6 Components Fabricated in PDMS . . . . . . . . . 18
2-6-1 Inlets, Outlets, and Connecters . . . . . 18
2-6-2 Valves and Pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2-6-3 Mixers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2-6-4 Diluters for Generating Concentration
Gradients in Microchannels . . . . . . . 22
2-6-5 Local Heaters and Electromagnets . . . . 22
2-6-6 Bubble and Droplet Generator . . . . . 25
2-6-7 Optical Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
2-7 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3 Optical Components Based on Dynamic
Liquid-Liquid Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3-2 Basic Design and Construction of
Liquid-Liquid Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3-3 Index of Refraction of Common Liquids . . . . 36
3-4 Dynamic Liquid-Liquid Interfaces in
Microfluidic Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
2
3-4-1 L Interfaces Are Reconfi gurable
in Real Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
2
3-4-2 L Interfaces Are Smooth . . . . . . . . . . 40
2
3-4-3 L Interface between Miscible
Liquids Is Diffuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3-5 Liquid-Liquid Optical Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3-5-1 L Waveguides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
2
2
3-5-2 L Lenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
3-5-3 L Light Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
2
3-5-4 Bubble Grating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
3-6 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
4 Optofluidic Optical Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
4-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
4-2 Optofluidic Waveguides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
4-2-1 Solid-Core/Liquid Clad
Waveguide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
4-2-2 Liquid-Core Waveguide . . . . . . . . . . . 63
4-2-3 Hybrid-Core Waveguide . . . . . . . . . . 66
4-3 Optofluidic Components for Manipulation
of Optical Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
4-3-1 Optofluidic Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
4-4 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
