Page 319 - Origin and Prediction of Abnormal Formation Pressures

288 H.H. RIEKE, G.V. CHILINGAR AND J.O. ROBERTSON JR.

Models employing both thermodynamic and non-thermodynamic approaches explain
some of the field and laboratory observations on a pore-level (microscopic) scale. These
models are not comprehensive enough to explain all aspects of chemical composition
of pore waters in sedimentary basins. The models, however, do serve as an insight into
some of the mechanisms operating in such sedimentary systems and indicate trends of
changes in pore-water composition associated with burial of the sediments.
Findings presented in this chapter can be applied to some of the important aspects of
reservoir characterization and petroleum recovery operations in the petroleum industry
as observed by a number of investigators. These include among others: (1) prediction of
high-pressured fluid zones (Fertl and Chilingarian, 1977); (2) quantitative interpretation
of electric logs (Chilingar et al., 1969), (3) interpretation of the direction of hydro-
dynamic flow over geologic time in compacting sand-shale sequences (Magara, 1969,
1978; Burrus, 1998); and (4) determination of possible water influx into a producing
petroleum reservoir from the surrounding shales (Dzhevanshir et al., 1987; Bourgoyne,
1990).

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