Page 43 - Automobile Mechanical and Electrical Systems Automotive Technology Vehicle Maintenance and Repair (Vehicle Maintenance Repr Nv2) by Tom Denton

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28 Automobile mechanical and electrical systems

Figure 1.41 Engine crane. (Source: Blue-Point)

1.3.7 Vehicle safety

Vehicle safety and the associated regulations can be very complicated. However,
for our purposes we can consider the issue across two main areas: construction
and operation of the vehicle.

1.3.7.1 Construction of the vehicle

Before a vehicle can be constructed a prototype has to be submitted for type
approval. When awarded this means the vehicle has passed very stringent

tests and that it meets all current safety requirements. Different countries
have different systems, which means some modifi cations to a car may be
necessary if it is imported or exported. The European Union (EU) has published
many directives which each member country must incorporate into its own
legislation. This has helped to standardize many aspects. In the UK the Road
Vehicles (Construction & Use) Regulations 1986 is the act which ensures certain
standards are met. If you become involved in modifying a vehicle, e.g. for
import, you may need to refer to the details of this act. Other countries have
similar legislation.
Many other laws exist relating to the motor vehicle and the environment. These
are about emissions and pollution. Environmental laws change quite often and it
is important to keep up to date.
The Department of Transport states that all vehicles over three years old
must undergo a safety check which ensures the vehicle continues to meet
the current legislation. First set up by the Ministry of Transport, it continues
to be known as the MOT test. This test now includes checks relating to
environmental laws.

1.3.7.2 Driving and operating the vehicle
To drive a vehicle on the road you must have an appropriate driving licence and
insurance, and the vehicle must be taxed and must be in safe working order.