Page 300 - Plant-Based Remediation Processes

Index 295

inhibition, 44 hairy root (see Hairy root culture)
metallothioneins, 47 plant growth and development, 101
phytochelatings (PCs), 47 uptake mechanisms, 20
ROS, 44–45 Metal transporter proteins (MTPs), 248–249
stress factors, 44 Methylcysteine (MeCys), 169
biological methods, 39–40 Methylselenocysteine (MeSeCys), 169
biomass, 40 Methylselenomethionine (MeSeMet), 168
endo-and exogenous salicylic acid MTPs. See Metal transporter proteins (MTPs)
biotic stressors, 42
metal concentration, leaves, 42–44
synergistic and antagonistic N
interactions, 42 Natural resistance-associated macrophage
hyperaccumulators, 40 protein (NRAMP), 249, 251
plant adaption and hyperaccumulation Nickel (Ni), metals remediation, 107–108
small ligands, 48–49 Noaea mucronata (Chenopodiaceae), 93
toxic metal, 47–48 NRAMP. See Natural resistance-associated
transcriptomics, 52 macrophage protein (NRAMP)
uptake, translocation and
partitioning, 49–51
scope, 39 O
Metal-polluted soils. See also O-acetyl-L-serine (OAS), 255
Phytotechnology, metal- OAS. See O-acetyl-L-serine (OAS)
contaminated soils Oligopeptide transporter (OPT), 246
genetically engineered plants (see On-site phytoremediation plant
Genetically engineered plants) above-ground biomass, 149, 150, 152
hyperaccumulation, 240 coarse roots, trees and tap roots, 153
metallophyte crops, 239–240 disadvantages, 152
modified plants, 261 establishment and growth, 147
molecular targets to genetic manipulation metal concentrations and removals, crop
intracellular sequestration and shoots and tree twigs, 150–152
detoxification, 246–249 phytoextraction, 153
metal accumulation, 242 ploughing, 148–149
uptake and translocation (see Uptake pyrite waste, 147, 149
and transport process, heavy metal) root biomass, 153
nicotianamine, 260 shoot and tree twigs, metal concentration
phytoremediation approaches, 239, 240 EDDS treatments, pyrite, 155
phytovolatilization, 239 tillage systems, 150–152
transgenic plants and mitigation strategies site stratigraphy, 147
antibiotic/herbicide-resistance sowing, 147, 149
genes, 242 sunflower, alfalfa and fodder radish,
barnase gene, 241 147, 149
post-zygotic methods, 242 Torviscosa, 148
safety-assessment studies, 241 On site studies, 225–227
Metals. See also Metal-polluted soils OPT. See Oligopeptide transporter (OPT)
contaminated soils (see Phytotechnology, Oxalis acetosella (Oxalidaceae), 94
metal-contaminated soils)
remediation
bioreactors (see Hairy root culture) P
characteristics, in vitro culture (see PCS. See Phytochelatin synthase (PCS)
In vitro root culture, metal removal) PCs. See Phytochelatins (PCs)
description, 101 PGPR. See Plant growth-promoting
environmental pollutants, 101–102 rhizobacteria (PGPR)