Page 236 - Power Quality in Electrical Systems

218 Index

Equipment: Float operation, 138
information technology, 156 Flooded, lead acid batteries, 138, 139
load, 110, 114–117 Fluctuations, in voltage (see Voltage
protection, 44 fluctuations)
semi-conductor processing, 156 Flyback converters, 100, 101
support, 190 Flywheels, 133, 135, 139–141
utilization, 110 applications of, 140–141
Error, CV, 212–213 energy storage in, 139
ESS (Energy storage system), 137 typical run time of, 133
European Community (EC) standards: Fourier, Joseph, 43
CISPR, 21, 23 Fourier series (see Infinite Fourier series;
EN55022 standard, 23 specific types, e.g. infinite Fourier
Events (see Power quality events) series)
Exhaust, for E/G set, 196 Frequency variations, 42
Expansion, of standby power system, 190 Fuel, for E/G set, 196
Fuel cell system (FCS), 137
Failure, 165–166 Fuel cells, 133, 141–143
Fault clearing, 1 applications of, 143
FCC (see Federal Communications types of, 142
Commission) typical run time of, 133
FCS (Fuel cell system), 137 Full-bridge power converters, 49
Federal Communications Commission
(FCC): Generators:
on conducted emissions, 21 for E/G set, 196
on harmonic current limits, 107 protection of, 197
Feeders, UPSs with, 194 GFCIs (see Ground fault circuit
Ferroresonant transformers (constant interrupters)
voltage transformers, CVT), 120, 122 Ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs):
application of, 10 false triggering of, 5
as correction measure, 164, 170 harmonic currents affecting, 5
cost of, 10 harmonic voltages affecting, 5
error in, 212–213 Grounding transformers, 122
Fiberoptes cables, 10 Gupta, C. P., 155
Filters, 75–98
active harmonic, 95–97, 119 Half-bridge power converters, 49
harmonic, 10, 86–97 Hall devices, 203
hybrid harmonic, 95–97 “Hall effect,” 203
IEEE Standard 519-1992 for, 78–79 Harmonic(s), 43–61
line reactor, 79–81 accuracy affected by, 5
multisection filters, 87–95 canceling, 121
noise, 10 crest factor, 53–61
passive, 95–97 line-current, 64, 66–69
passive filters, 95–97 periodic waveforms and, 43–52
power-harmonic, 110, 119 piecewise calculation, 52–53
series resonant, 85–87 THD, 53
series-tuned, 88–90 triplen, 4
shunt passive filters, 81–87 Harmonic currents, 63–74
for typical power systems, 76–78 in electric motors, 5
“Five nines” (99.999 percent) availability, GFCIs and, 5
113 limits on, 78
Flexibility, of active filters, 97 with single-phase rectifiers,
Flicker, 9, 39–40, 42 64–72
Flicker curves, 39 with transformers, 72–74