Page 239 - Power Quality in Electrical Systems
P. 239
Index 221
Nonlinear loads, 3–6 Perry, M. L., 144
distribution systems powering, 76 Personal computers (PCs):
rectifiers, 3–6 (See also Rectifiers) correction measures for, 162
three-phase rectifiers with, 56–58 dynamic voltage compensators with,
Notching, 8, 35–38, 42 191
causes of, 8 interruptions affecting, 160–161
in single-phase full-wave rectifier, 36–37 modes of malfunction, 160
single-phase rectifiers and, 35 power quality events affecting,
three-phase rectifiers and, 35 156–162
power quality of, 1
Offline power supplies, 99 power-quality characteristics of,
Offline switch mode power supplies, 157–160
100–103 sensitivity of, 160–161
120-V service: UPSs with, 191
ANSI on, 17–18 voltage for, 156
power rating of, 134 voltage sag affecting, 160–161
Online UPSs (see Double-conversion UPSs) Personnel, for standby power systems,
Optical isolators, 10 190
Oscillatory transients, 7, 8, 33–35 Phase-locked loops, 164
Oscilloscopes, 202–203 Phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFCs),
Outage, 42 142
Output ratings, for UPS equipment, 133 Piecewise calculation, 52–53
Oversize (double) neutrals, 157 Point of common coupling (PCC),
16, 25, 76, 78
PAFCs (Phosphoric acid fuel cells), 142 Pollution, harmonic (see Harmonic
Parallel operation, of E/G set, 198 pollution)
Passive filters, 95–97 Polymer-electrolyte membrane fuel cells
active harmonic filters, 95–97 (PEMFCs), 142–143
design of, 95 Polyphase rectifiers, 75
harmonic peaking in, 96 Power:
hybrid harmonic filters, 95–97 area and bulk, 110
protection in, 95 converters, 49
shunt, 81–87 utility, 132, 199
switching circuits in, 95 Power conditioning system (PCS), 137
tuning in, 95 Power quality, 1–2
using, 95 defining, 1, 6–7
PC (see Personal computers) poor, examples of, 7–9
PCC (see Point of common coupling) Power quality events, 1–2, 155–170
PCS (power conditioning system), 137 AC contactors and relays affected by,
Peaking: 165–170
in harmonic filters, 86–87 analysis methods for, 155–156
in passive filters, 96 controllers affected by, 162–165
Peak-peak ripples, of DC waveforms, 50 correction of, 9
Periodic waveforms, 43–52 defining, 1
DC current, 48, 49 PCs affected by, 156–162
DC waveform + ripple, 50 Power supplies, electric, 117–119
harmonics and, 43–52 Power-harmonic filters, 110, 119
pulsating waveforms, 51–52 Power-line harmonics, 56
pure sine wave, 49 Power-quality analyzers, 205, 206
root-mean square, 47–48 Power-quality meters, 205
square wave, 49 Principles of Interver Circuits (Bedford
triangular ripple, 50–51 and Hoft), 131
triangular waveforms, 52 Probes, current, 203–204