Page 239 - Power Quality in Electrical Systems
P. 239

Index   221

        Nonlinear loads, 3–6              Perry, M. L., 144
          distribution systems powering, 76  Personal computers (PCs):
          rectifiers, 3–6 (See also Rectifiers)  correction measures for, 162
          three-phase rectifiers with, 56–58  dynamic voltage compensators with,
        Notching, 8, 35–38, 42                 191
          causes of, 8                      interruptions affecting, 160–161
          in single-phase full-wave rectifier, 36–37  modes of malfunction, 160
          single-phase rectifiers and, 35   power quality events affecting,
          three-phase rectifiers and, 35       156–162
                                            power quality of, 1
        Offline power supplies, 99          power-quality characteristics of,
        Offline switch mode power supplies,    157–160
            100–103                         sensitivity of, 160–161
        120-V service:                      UPSs with, 191
          ANSI on, 17–18                    voltage for, 156
          power rating of, 134              voltage sag affecting, 160–161
        Online UPSs (see Double-conversion UPSs)  Personnel, for standby power systems,
        Optical isolators, 10                190
        Oscillatory transients, 7, 8, 33–35  Phase-locked loops, 164
        Oscilloscopes, 202–203            Phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFCs),
        Outage, 42                           142
        Output ratings, for UPS equipment, 133  Piecewise calculation, 52–53
        Oversize (double) neutrals, 157   Point of common coupling (PCC),
                                             16, 25, 76, 78
        PAFCs (Phosphoric acid fuel cells), 142  Pollution, harmonic (see Harmonic
        Parallel operation, of E/G set, 198  pollution)
        Passive filters, 95–97            Polymer-electrolyte membrane fuel cells
          active harmonic filters, 95–97     (PEMFCs), 142–143
          design of, 95                   Polyphase rectifiers, 75
          harmonic peaking in, 96         Power:
          hybrid harmonic filters, 95–97    area and bulk, 110
          protection in, 95                 converters, 49
          shunt, 81–87                      utility, 132, 199
          switching circuits in, 95       Power conditioning system (PCS), 137
          tuning in, 95                   Power quality, 1–2
          using, 95                         defining, 1, 6–7
        PC (see Personal computers)         poor, examples of, 7–9
        PCC (see Point of common coupling)  Power quality events, 1–2, 155–170
        PCS (power conditioning system), 137  AC contactors and relays affected by,
        Peaking:                               165–170
          in harmonic filters, 86–87        analysis methods for, 155–156
          in passive filters, 96            controllers affected by, 162–165
        Peak-peak ripples, of DC waveforms, 50  correction of, 9
        Periodic waveforms, 43–52           defining, 1
          DC current, 48, 49                PCs affected by, 156–162
          DC waveform + ripple, 50        Power supplies, electric, 117–119
          harmonics and, 43–52            Power-harmonic filters, 110, 119
          pulsating waveforms, 51–52      Power-line harmonics, 56
          pure sine wave, 49              Power-quality analyzers, 205, 206
          root-mean square, 47–48         Power-quality meters, 205
          square wave, 49                 Principles of Interver Circuits (Bedford
          triangular ripple, 50–51           and Hoft), 131
          triangular waveforms, 52        Probes, current, 203–204
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