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12.3 Applications 317

drogram in Fig. 12.7. The process model for a large group of patients is typically
Spaghetti-like as illustrated by Fig. 12.12. It is possible to create simpler models by
looking at smaller homogeneous groups of patients. However, the drawback is that
often the number of cases per group gets rather small. If there are only few cases in
such a homogeneous group, the result is not very reliable. Only for homogeneous
groups with more cases, the result is more trustworthy.
Despite these challenges, process mining provides a “mirror” for managers, doc-
tors, and IT specialists in hospitals. To improve care-flows and to provide better IT
support, it is essential to face the inherent complexity of these Spaghetti processes.