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Figure 8.2 Schematic representation of single-chambered microbial fuel cell.

membrane-based used MFCs. It demonstrated successful generation of electricity
using an open air biocathode system with biocatalysts (microorganisms).

8.5.2 Advantages of microbial fuel cell

Direct conversion of biomass (substrate) into bioelectricity.
Reduction in sludge generation compared to conventional aerobic-activated sludge
processes.
Insensitivity to the operational environment.
May be used in electrical infrastructure lacking locations.
Does not require highly regulated distribution systems.
It operates competently at room temperature with secure and good output.
Does not require gas treatment.
Does not generate greenhouse gasses compared to other treatment processes.
Supportable power generation and industrial effluent treatment.
Minimum amount of sludge may be produced while treating the wastewater. The treated
water may be used for irrigation purposes and industrial-cleaning processes.

8.6 Research prospects in microbial fuel cell technology

8.6.1 Electrodes in microbial fuel cell
The performance and cost of MFC are highly dependent on electrode material. To
make MFC a cost-effective and ascendible technology, it is important to note that
electrode design is the greatest challenge. Recently, the area of motivation is
increased in the electrode material, and their configurations of MFCs are studied.
From the literature, it is observed that during the earlier period, a number of