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244                     Refining Biomass Residues for Sustainable Energy and Bioproducts







































         Figure 11.1 Overview of value-added products from agroresidues.

           The chapter gives an overview of different value-added products derived from
         agroresidues.



         11.2   Value-added products from biomass

         Lignocellulosic biomass serves as a potential feedstock for the production of differ-
         ent value-added products such as fuels, chemicals, organic acids, amino acids, bio-
         polymers, and enzymes. Table 11.1 gives an overview of value-added products
         produced from lignocellulosic biomass.


         11.2.1 Fuels
         11.2.1.1 Bioethanol
         Bioethanol is a clean biofuel that can be produced by the fermentation of the ligno-
         cellulosic biomass. One of the main limitations for the commercialization of the
         process is the cost associated with pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification of
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