Page 160 - Solid Waste Analysis and Minimization a Systems Approach

138 THE GENERAL APPROACH FOR A SOLID WASTE ASSESSMENT

Paste mixing and pasting material flow diagram

Raw materials Waste streams
Expander
fiber
water Paste mixing Miscellaneous fiber
acid defective paste mixture
lead oxide

Grids
Defective plates
paste
Pasting corrugated spools
expanded grids
plastic sheeting
plastic sheeting

Flash dry Defective plates

Curing Defective plates

Figure 8.15 Process map example.

■ Efficiency (versus cycle time)
■ Time available
■ Utilization (uptime of the machine)

For the case study example, the company was capable of producing 25,000 batter-
ies per year, with a cycle time of 8.4 minutes per battery over 250 production days per
year operating in two 7-hour shifts (8-hour shifts minus 1 hour for breaks).

Company Name
Title (capacity model) Production Parameters
Location (city, state) Days per year 233
Hours per shift 8
Date:

Production area Time Required Time Available
Annual Daily Cycle Parts per Hrs Reqd Shifts Hrs Avail
Item Forecast Forecast Time Cycle Efficiency Per Day Per Day Utilization Per Day Loading
# Operation (units) (units) (minutes) (pcs/cycle) (percent) (hrs/day) (shifts/day) (percent) (hrs/day) (percent)
1.0 LATHE 100,000 429 1.10 2 90% 4.37 2 90% 14.40 30.36%
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
Figure 8.16 Production analysis example.