Page 152 - The Petroleum System From Source to Trap

LITHIC DESCRIPTORS GRAIN TYPE ROCK TYPE or TEXTURE �:u::II.AARKS and/or i->UHU::>ITY
CALCAREOUS LS LIMESTONE (undiff.) CONG CONGLOMERATE WITH OR PLUS <jl POROSITY
l. NON-SKELETA CARBNATES +
ARENACEOUS I AGGREGATE GRAINS M LIME MUDSTONE Clay CLAYSTONE 0 CHERT NODULES f. PERMEABILITY
l ARGILLACEOUS @ COATED GRAINS w WACKESTONE MD MUDSTONE. TERRIGENOUS 6J IRON-RICH NODULES BP BETWEEN PARTICLE
SILTY n INTRACLASTS p PACKSTONE Coal COAL ® ANHYDRITE NODULES WP WITHIN-PARTICLE
@ GLAUCONITE 0 MICRITIZED GRAINS G GRAINSTONE ANH AHYDRIIE @ GYPSUM NODULES BC INTERCRYSTALLINE
® VOLCANIC GLASS 0 OOIDS B BOUNDSTONE GYP GYPSUM REPLACED GYP-ANHY LATHS MO MOLDIC
A CHERT(Y) • PELLETS BA BAFFLESIONE SALT HALITE fj OPEN FRACTURES VUG VUGGY
® IRON STAINING 0 PELOIDS 81 BINDSTONE 0 DOLOMITE (undrff.) � PARTIALLY OPEN FRAC'S MV MOLDIC-VUGGY
PYRITE @) PISOLITES FA FRAMESTONE
• 0 DOLOMITIZED (>50% dolomite) I SEALED FRACTURES CH CHANNEL
[> BRECCIATED (undiff ) R RU DSTONE DOLOMITIC (<50% dolomite) ffi FRACTURE SWARMS CV CAVERN
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� COLLAPSE BRECCIA F FLOATSTONE AX RECRYSTALLIZED LS (undiff.) ® OPEN MICROFRACTURES SH SHELTER
� STYLO-BRECCIA FOSSILS AND FOSSIL FRAGS. ss SANDSTONE CH CALICHE or CALICHIFIED ® SEALED MICROFRAC'S 80 BORING
� TECTONIC BRECCIA I> MEGAFOSSILS (unditf ) SSm MUDDY SS SILICEOUS "" CUT-AND-FILL STRUCTURES SK SHRINKAGE
sil
BORED ), SKELETAL or BIOCLASTIC SSp PEBBLY SS dm DIAGENETICALL Y MOTTLED RIPPLES (SYMMETRIC) FA FRACTURE
B BURROWED MATERIAL (undiff.) SL T SIL !STONE A ANHYDRITIC RIPPLES (ASSYMM ETRIC) GF GROWTH FRAMEWORK
� BOOT STRUCTURES SH SHALE G GYPSIFEROUS BORED SURFACE (HDGD) FEN FENESTRATE
.L COMPACTED MUDCRACKED SURFACE BR BRECCIA
,..... HORSETAIL STRUCTURES Q;) CALCISPHERES IS\ STROMATOPOROIDS (J) MOLLUSCS (undrff.) LOAD STRUCTURES KV KEYSTONE VUGS
€ SLUMPING or SLUMPED rn CRYPT ALGAL LAMINITES (undiff.) 10), MASSIVE (J) MOLLUSC FBAG'S V FLUTE CASTS 0 OPEN VUGS
CONVOLUTED BEDDING E9 COCCOLITHS IT\ TABULAR @> GASTROPODS {- GROOVE CASTS SE SOLUTION-ENLARGED
"\­ DISTORTED BEDDING cS> DASYCLAD ALGAE lA\ BRANCHING "' OYSTERS + CEMENT MOD M ODIFIED
,. STYLOLITES (-ITIC) � FILAMENTOUS BLUE GRN ALGAE A FORAMINIFERA (undiff.) A PELECYPODS t MICROSPAR
� MICROSTYLOLITES @ ONKOLITES £ PLANKTONICS [7 RUDISTS (undiff.) 11iJ GEOPETALS
""' STYLOLIITE SWARM "' PLATY GREEN ALGAE � SMALL BENTHONICS [} CA PRIN IDS • CEMENT-FILLED VUG
® SUTURED GRAINS tf RED ALGAE (unditf.) � LARGE BENTHONICS /) MONOPLEURIDS +c CALCITE CEMENT
GRADED BEDDING (NORMAL) tf BRANCHING RED ALGAE • FUSULINIDS f1 RADIOLITIDS + o DOLOMITE CEMENT
EVENLY LAMINATED Ji ENCRUSTING RED ALGAE Q NUMMULITIDS � IOUCASIDS +A ANHYDRITE CEMENT
� WAVY LAMINATED @ RHODOLITES "' TUBULAR FORAMS 1' SPICULES +G GYPSUM CEMENT
"" NODULAR (LENTICULAR) BDD 0 CORALS (undifferentiated) BRACHIOPODS lj SPONGES lA ISOPACHOUS RIM
FLASER BEDDING 0 HEAD & ENCRUSTING CORALS # BRYOZOA. ENCRUST. l> MICROFOSSILS (undiff.) SO SYNTAXIAL OVERGROWTH
"' NO APPARENT BEDDING 0 LARGE MASSIVE CORALS y BRYOZOA, RAMOSE = OSTRACODS MEN MEN ISCUS
X CROSS STRATIFICATION (undiff.) 'I' BRANCHING FINGER CORALS * CRINOIDS � CONODONTS ES EQUANT SPAR
Ill PLANAR. TABULAR X- STAAT. 'I' THICK BRANCHING CORALS "" ECHINOID TESTS * DIATOMS CS COARSE SPAR
::;;: PLANAR, WEDGE X-STAAT. � HORIZONTAL CORAL PLATES ..... ECHINOID SPINES -9- RADIOLARIAN BS BLOCKY SPAR
'< TROUGH or FESTOON X-STAAT. ( VERTICAL CORAL PLATES � SERPULID WORMS A SPORES+POLLEN
.X. BIDIRECTIONAL X-STAAT.
< LOW ANGLE X-STAAT.
/ CURRENT DIRECTION �
Q
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Figure 7.3. A chart of common lithofacies symbols used in describing carbonate reservoirs and associated rock types. (Based on Dunham, 96 1 2; o
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Choquette and Pray, 9 70; Embry and Klovan, 9 71 ; Swanson, 9 81 ; Wilson and Jordan, 9 83.) ::::.
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