Page 359 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

CAT3525_C10.qxd 1/31/2005 12:00 PM Page 330
330 Waste Management Practices: Municipal, Hazardous, and Industrial

TABLE 10.14 (Continued )
Leachate Concentration Reported
(mg/L)
Indicator Parameters Minimum Maximum
Trichloroethylene 1 1,300
Trichlorofluormethane 4 150
1,2,3-Trichloropropane 230 230
Vinyl Chloride 8 61
Xylenes 32 310

Source: U.S. EPA, 1988.

TABLE 10.15
Leachate Sampling Parameters

Physical Organic Inorganic Biological
Constituents Constituents
Appearance Organic chemicals Suspended solids total Biochemical oxygen demand
dissolved solids
pH Phenols Volatile suspended solids Coliform bacteria (total,
volatile dissolved solids fecal, fecal streptococci)
Oxidation–reduction Chemical oxygen demand Chloride Standard plate count
potential
Conductivity Total organic carbon Sulfate
Color Volatile acids Phosphate
Turbidity Tannins, lignins Alkalinity and acidity
Temperature Organic-N Nitrate-N
Odor Ether-soluble (oil and grease) Nitrate-N
Methylene blue active substances Ammonia-N
Organic functional Sodium
groups as required
Chlorinated hydrocarbons Potassium
Calcium
Magnesium
Hardness
Heavy metal (Pb, Cu, Ni, Cr,
Zn, Fe, Mn, Hg, Ba, Ag)
Arsenic
Cyanide
Fluoride
Selenium
Source: Tchobanoglous, T. et al., Integrated Solid Waste Management: Engineering Principles and Management Issues,
McGraw-Hill, New York, 1993. Data reproduced with kind permission of the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

One estimate of leachate quantity generated, after steady state is attained, can be developed
using a simple water balance method. The contributing factors to the volume of water that enters
the waste (infiltration) are the amount received via precipitation, run-on of surface water, and water
entering through the sides and base of the cell. Water leaving the site from surface runoff, evapora-
tion, and transpiration by plants are subtracted from this balance. Water loss via evaporation from