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462 Waste Management Practices: Municipal, Hazardous, and Industrial
Recovery operations represented 10% of the national nonwastewater management total. The
methods defined as recovery operations and the quantity managed by each method include:
Fuel blending 1.1 million tons
Metals recovery (for reuse) 720 thousand tons
Solvents recovery 368 thousand tons
Other recovery 152 thousand tons
The remaining nonwastewater management quantities (11%) were managed in other treatment
and disposal units, including:
Other disposal 1.4 million tons
Stabilization 1.3 million tons
Sludge treatment 48 thousand tons
Details on hazardous waste management by method are shown in Table 14.1.

14.2 SUBPART A — GENERAL ISSUES REGARDING TREATMENT, STORAGE
AND DISPOSAL

In general, all facilities involved in the treatment, storage and disposal of hazardous wastes must com-
ply with 40 CFR 264 and 265 regulations unless they are excluded. The requirements do not apply to:

● A facility permitted to manage municipal or industrial solid waste, if the only hazardous
waste the facility handles is from a conditionally exempt small quantity generator(SQG)
● A facility managing recyclable materials described in 40 CFR Part 261.6
● A generator accumulating waste on-site
● A farmer disposing of waste pesticides from his own use
● A totally enclosed treatment facility
● An elementary neutralization unit or a wastewater treatment unit
● A person engaged in treatment or containment activities during immediate response to a
discharge of a hazardous waste, or an imminent and substantial threat of a discharge of
hazardous waste

TABLE 14.1
Quantities of RCRA Hazardous Wastes Managed by Various Methods, 1999

Management Method Tons Managed Percentage of Number of Percentage of
Quantity Facilities Facilities
Deepwell or Underground injection 16,043,912 61.0 46 8.8
Energy recovery 1,542,315 5.9 99 18.9
Incineration 1,454,403 5.5 149 28.4
Landfill 1,410,392 5.4 60 11.4
Other disposal 1,398,993 5.3 39 7.4
Stabilization 1,337,162 5.1 84 16.0
Fuel blending 1,099,687 4.2 104 19.8
Metals recovery 719,916 2.7 88 16.8
Surface impoundment 705,304 2.7 2 0.4
Solvents recovery 367,899 1.4 111 21.1
Other recovery 151,700 0.6 46 8.8
Sludge treatment 47,653 0.2 16 3.0
Land treatment, application or farming 29,873 0.1 7 1.3
Total 26,309,208 100.0 525
Source: U.S. EPA, 2001. With permission.