Page 57 - Wastewater Solids Incineration Systems

26 Wastewater Solids Incineration Systems

3.2 Federal Regulatory Requirements

The federal regulatory permit review requirements are defined in 40 CFR 51 and 52.
The U.S. EPA has delegated review authority to many state and local regulatory
agencies so the state and local agencies can review the application and assess compli-
ance with both the federal, state, and local permitting requirements. For state and
local agencies where the U.S. EPA has retained review authority, the regional U.S.
EPA office will serve as the reviewing authority for compliance with the federal regu-
lations. The state or local agencies will still review and comment on state-specific
requirements.
3.2.1 Nonattainment New Source Review
New source review is conducted for facilities located in areas where pollutant con-
centrations are greater than the NAAQS. The degree to which the standards are not
being met increases the requirements to provide emission reductions and emission
offsets. Emission control strategies must demonstrate the LAER.
3.2.2 Prevention of Significant Deterioration
For pollutants that are in attainment with the NAAQS, a PSD review (40 CFR 52.21)
is required. This review seeks to maintain ambient air concentrations below the
NAAQS by limiting air quality impact to incremental limits above the baseline con-
centrations. Emission control strategies must demonstrate that they represent BACT
considering environmental, energy, and economic effects. A demonstration of poten-
tial effects to protection of wildlife areas and national parks may also be required.

3.2.3 New Source Performance Standards
For combustion technologies, the NSPS for WWTPs applies. This standard is defined
in 40 CFR 60, Subpart O and establishes a particulate emission limit of 0.65 g/kg dry
solids input (1.3 lb/ton). Most existing units are capable of meeting this emission
limit. The rule also establishes opacity limits and associated monitoring, testing,
record keeping, and reporting.
3.2.4 National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants

The NESHAP are defined in 40 CFR 61. The limitations for beryllium (Subpart C)
and mercury (Subpart E) are applicable to units that incinerate or dry WWTP
solids. The emission limit for beryllium to the atmosphere from stationary sources
shall not exceed 10 g (0.022 lb) of beryllium over a 24-hour period. The emission
limit for mercury to the atmosphere from incineration plants, drying plants, or a