Page 482 - Water and wastewater engineering

GRANULAR FILTRATION 11-55

11-3. Explain what air binding is, and describe the design method for avoiding it.
11-4. Explain the purpose of “filter-to-waste.”

11-11 REFERENCES
Amirtharajah, A. (1978) “Design of Granular-Media Filter Units,” in R. L. Sanks (ed.), Water Treatment
Plant Design for the Practicing Engineer, Ann Arbor Science, Ann Arbor, Michigan, pp. 675–737.
Amirtharajah, A. and D. P. Wetstein (1980) “Initial Degradation of Effluent Quality During Filtration,”
Journal American Water Works Association, vol. 72, no. 9, pp. 518–524.
Amirtharajah, A. (1988) “Some Theoretical and Conceptual Views of Filtration,” Journal American
Water Works Association, vol. 80, no. 12, pp. 36–46.
AWWA (1996) ANSI/AWWA Standard No. B604-96, Standard for Granular Activated Carbon,
American Water Works Association, Denver, Colorado.
AWWA (2001) ANSI/AWWA Standard No. B100-01, Standard for Filtering Material, American Water
Works Association, Denver,Colorado.
AWWA (2002) Filter Maintenance and Operations Guidance Manual, AWWA and AWWA Research
Foundation, Denver,Colorado.
Baumann, E. R. (1978) in R. L. Sanks, ed., Water Treatment Plant Design for the Practicing Engineer,
Ann Arbor Science, Ann Arbor, Michigan, pp. 231–281.
Camp, T. R (1970) “Water Treatment,” in V. Davis (ed.) Handbook of Applied Hydraulics, 3rd ed.,
McGraw-Hill, NewYork, p. 38–52.
Carmen, P. C. (1937) “Fluid Flow through Granular Beds,” Transactions of Institute of Chemical
Engineers, London, vol. 15, p. 150.
Castro, K., G. Logsdon, and S. R. Martin (2005) “High-Rate Granular Media Filtration,” in E. E. Baruth
(ed.), Water Treatment Plant Design, American Water Works Association and American Society of
Civil Engineers, McGraw-Hill, New York, p. 8.1–8.41.
Cleasby, J. L. (1972) “Filtration,” in W. J. Weber, Jr., (ed.) Physicochemical Processes for Water Quality
Control, Wiley-Interscience, NewYork, pp. 173–174.
Cleasby, J. L. and G. S. Logsdon (1999) “Granular Bed and Precoat Filtration, in R. D. Letterman (ed.)
Water Quality and Treatment, 5th ed., American Water Works Association, McGraw-Hill,
NewYork, pp. 8.1–8.99.
Cornwell, D. A. and R. G. Lee (1994) “Waste Stream Recycling: Its Effect on Water Quality,” Journal of
the American Water Works Association, November, p. 50.
Cornwell, D. A. et al. (2001) Treatment Options for Giardia, Cryptosporidium and Other Contaminants
in Recycled Backwash Water, American Water Works Association Research Foundation, Denver,
Colorado.
Dharmarajah, A. H., and J. L. Cleasby (1986) “Predicting the Expansion Behavior of Filter Media,”
Journal of the American Water Works Association, December, pp. 66–76.
Ergun, S. (1952) “Fluid Flow Through Packed Columns,” Chemical Engineering Progress, vol. 48,
no. 2, p. 89.
Fair, G. M. and J. C. Geyer (1954) “ Water Supply and Waste-Water Disposal, John Wiley & Sons, New
York, p. 678.
Fair, G. M. and L. P. Hatch (1933) “ Fundamental Factors Governing the streamline Flow of Water
Through Sand, ” Journal of American Water Works Association, vol. 25, no. 11, p. 1551.
Ferry, J. D. (1936) “Statistical Evaluation of Sieve Constants in Ultrafiltration,” Journal of General
Physiology, vol. 20, pp. 95–104.
GLUMRB (2003) Recommended Standards for Water Works, Great Lakes–Upper Mississippi River
Board of State and Provincial Public Health and Environmental Managers, Health Education
Services, Albany, New York, p. 40–54.