Page 29 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

1.3 The Structure of LCA 13

Table 1.1 Examples of early LCA applications according to ISO 14040.

Application Query Project

Environmental law Packaging regulation Beverage packaging a
and – policy
Waste oil regulation Waste oil recovery b
Genetically modified GMO in agricultural LCA c
organisms (GMO)
Agriculture Weed control in viticulture d
PVC PVC in Sweden e
Public procurement Cost-benefit analysis of
environmental procurement f
Integrated product policy EuP directive g
Comparison of products Surfactants ECOSOL LCAs h
Beverage packaging Comparison of packagings i
Food packaging Comparison of packagings j
Floor coverings ERFMI survey k
Insulating materials Insulation of buildings l
Communication Consumer consultation ISO type III declaration m
n
Chain management PCR : electricity, steam, water o
p
Ecological building EPD : building products q
Carbon footprint PCR: product declaration r
Carbon-neutral enterprise s
Waste management Concepts of disposal Graphic papers t
Recycling Plastics u
Enterprise Ecological valuation of Environmental achievement
business lines of an enterprise v

a Schmitz et al. (1995) and UBA (2000b, 2002).
b UBA (2000a)
c Kl¨ opffer et al. (1999).
d IFEU/SLFA (1998).
e Tukker Kleijn and van Oers (1996).
f R¨ udenauer et al. (2007).
g
Kemna et al. (2005).
h Stalmans et al. (1995) and Janzen (1995).
i
IFEU (2002, 2004, 2007) and Detzel and B¨ oß (2006).
j IFEU (2006) and Humbert et al. (2008).
k
G¨ unther and Langowski (1997, 1998).
l Schmidt et al. (2004).
m
Schmincke and Grahl (2006).
n Product category rules.
o Vattenfall (2007).
p Environmental product declaration.
q Deutsches Institut f¨ ur Bauen und Umwelt (2007).
r Svenska Milj¨ ostyrningsr˚ adet (2006) and BSI (2008).
s Gensch (2008).
t
Tiedemann (2000).
u Heyde and Kremer (1999).
v
Wright et al. (1997).
GMO, genetically modified organisms.