Page 361 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

5.6 Illustration of the Component Interpretation Using an Example of Practice 345

and fossil resources consumption (>30%) as well as for aluminium foil with
acidification (30%) and summer smog (34%). The large relevance of the
aluminium sector is the more remarkable, as the mass contribution of this
material to the primary packing amounts to only 5%.
As expected the categories of medium priority (aquatic eutrophication
and land use - forest area) are dominated by the production of raw carton
(∼80%). However, this sector is also important for acidification and terrestrial
eutrophication (>20%). This is particularly due to the production of the
process energy required. While the raw carton portion amounts to only 12%
of fossil resources consumption, this sector contributes 41% to the entire
cumulative energy demand (CED). Such difference of relevance in these two
categories cannot be observed for the other sectors. It results from the fact
that the energy content of the wood used for the raw carton production is
accounted for in the CED.
With a contribution of 4–7% within the priority categories, the actual
compound production is of minor importance. With a maximum of 5% the
relevance of the sector ‘filling’ is even less.
The production of the closure contributes 17% of fossil resources con-
sumption; for other categories, contributions are between 7 and 8%. The
supply of secondary and tertiary packaging shows contributions of around
10%, primarily due to the corrugated cardboard production. For aquatic
eutrophication and land use - forest area, the contribution of this sec-
tor amounts to around 20%. The distribution is only relevant for the
environmental category ‘terrestrial eutrophication’ (8%).
Contributions of the sector ‘disposal and recycling’ vary strongly. It is of
particular importance for terrestrial eutrophication (14%) and greenhouse
effect (23%), as this sector accounts for emissions from the incineration of
the packing components.
The relative importance of credit entries (secondary material and energy)
is between 8% (summer smog) and 35% (greenhouse effect), and there is a
predominant portion of credit entries for substituted energy.

For the PET bottle system (1 l in the market segment fruit juice/nectar), the
sectoral analysis is likewise interpreted in detail.

In all categories, the results of the PET multilayer bottles regarded are
clearly dominated by the production of bottle material (bottle consists of
5% PA, polyamide, 95% PET). For the priority indicators, contributions of
the respective sector are between 47% (greenhouse effect) and 79% (fossil
resources consumption). Remarkably is the high contribution of this sector
in the category aquatic eutrophication (90%). By detailed analysis, it was