Page 19 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

2 Practical Design Calculations for Groundwater and Soil Remediation

Without the proper information and education, environmental profession-
als can exert themselves, needlessly reinventing the wheel, so to speak, and
err in design calculations. This book covers important aspects of the major
design calculations used in the field and also provides practical and relevant
working information derived from the literature and the author’s own expe-
rience. Realistic examples are used liberally to illustrate the application of
the design calculations. Many examples were designed to assist the read-
ers in building the right concepts and common sense. This book was writ-
ten to address the current needs of practicing engineers, scientists, and legal
experts who are employed by industry, consulting companies, law firms,
and regulatory agencies in the field of soil and groundwater remediation.
This book can also serve as a textbook or a reference book for undergraduate
and graduate students who are pursuing a career in site remediation.

1.2 Organization of the Book

In addition to this introductory chapter, the book is divided into the follow-
ing six chapters:
Chapter 2: Site Assessment and Remedial Investigation. This chapter illus-
trates engineering calculations needed during site assessment and remedial
investigation. It begins with simple calculations for estimating the amount
of impacted soil excavated and that left in the vadose zone and the size of
the plume in the aquifer. This chapter also covers necessary calculations to
determine partitioning of compounds of concern (COCs) in different phases
(soil, moisture, void, and free product), which is critical for design and imple-
mentation of remedial systems.
Chapter 3: Plume Migration in Aquifer and Soil. This chapter illustrates how
to estimate the speeds of groundwater movement and plume migration. The
reader will also learn how to interpret the aquifer test data and estimate the
age of a groundwater plume.
Chapter 4: Mass-Balance Concept and Reactor Design. This chapter first
introduces the mass-balance concept, followed by reaction kinetics, as well
as types, configuration, and sizing of reactors. The reader will learn how
to determine reaction-rate constants, removal efficiency, optimal arrange-
ment of reactors, required residence time, and reactor size for one’s spe-
cific applications.
Chapter 5: Vadose Zone Soil Remediation. This chapter provides important
design calculations for commonly used in situ and ex situ soil remediation
technologies, such as soil vapor extraction, soil washing, bioremediation, in
situ chemical oxidation, low-temperature thermal desorption, and thermal
destruction. Taking soil vapor extraction as an example, the book will guide
the readers through design calculations for radius of influence, well spacing,