Page 9 - 3D Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites

Table of Contents

Preface vii

Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Introduction to 3D FRP Composites 6
1.2.1 Applications of 3D Woven Composites 7
1.2.2 Applications of 3D Braided Composites 10
1.2.3 3D Knitted Composites 11
1.2.4 3D Stitched Composites 11
1.2.5 3D 2-Pinned composites 12

Chapter 2 Manufacture of 3D Fibre Preforms 13
2.1 Introduction 13
2.2 Weaving 13
2.2.1 Conventional Weaving 13
2.2.2 Multilayer or 3D Weaving 15
2.2.3 3D Orthogonal Non-Wovens 19
2.2.4 Multiaxial Weaving 22
2.2.5 Distance Fabrics 22
2.3 Braiding 22
2.3.1 2D Braiding 24
2.3.2 Four-Step 3D Braiding 25
2.3.3 Two-step 3D Braiding 29
2.3.4 Multilayer Interlock Braiding 31
2.4 Knitting 32
2.4.1 Warp and Weft Knitting 32
2.4.2 Three-Dimensional Shaping 36
2.4.3 Non-Crimp Fabrics 37
2.5 Stitching 40
2.5.1 Traditional Stitching 40
2.5.2 Technical Embroidery 43
2.5.3 2-Pinning 45
2.6 Summary 45

Chapter 3 Preform Consolidation 47
3.1 Introduction 47
3.2 Liquid Moulding Techniques 48
3.2.1 Resin Transfer Moulding 48
3.2.2 Resin Film Infusion 49
3.2.3 SCRIMP-based Techniques 51
3.3 Injection Equipment 52
3.4 Resin Selection 54
3.5 Preform Considerations 56
3.6 Tooling 57