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2 - ORGANIZATIONAL INFLUENCES AND PROJECT LIFE CYCLE

table 2-1. Influence of organizational Structures on Projects

Organization Matrix
Structure
Project Functional Projectized
Characteristics Weak Matrix Balanced Matrix Strong Matrix

Project Manager's Low to Moderate High to
Authority Little or None Low Moderate to High Almost Total

Resource Little or None Low Low to Moderate High to
Availability Moderate to High Almost Total

Who manages the Functional Functional Mixed Project Project
project budget Manager Manager Manager Manager

Project Manager's Part-time Part-time Full-time Full-time Full-time
Role
Project Management
Administrative Staff Part-time Part-time Part-time Full-time Full-time

The classic functional organization, shown in Figure 2-1, is a hierarchy where each employee has one clear
superior. Staff members are grouped by specialty, such as production, marketing, engineering, and accounting
at the top level. Specialties may be further subdivided into focused functional units, such as mechanical and
electrical engineering. Each department in a functional organization will do its project work independently of other
departments.

Project Chief
Coordination Executive

Functional Functional Functional
Manager Manager Manager

Staff Staff Staff

Staff Staff Staff

Staff Staff Staff
(Gray boxes represent staff engaged in project activities)

Figure 2-1. Functional organization

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