Page 26 - Hybrid Enhanced Oil Recovery Using Smart Waterflooding

18 Hybrid Enhanced Oil Recovery using Smart Waterflooding

(A)
200 2000
180 Ethyl alcohol product tracer 1800
Concentration EtOH, ppm 140 Ethyl acetate 1400 Concentration EtAc, ppm
1600
160
1200
120
1000
100
800
80
60
40 600
400
20 200
0 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Barrels produced
(B)
1200
80
1000
Concentration EtOH, ppm 40 800 Concentration EtAc, ppm
60

600

400
20
200

0 0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
Barrels produced
FIG. 1.18 Results of two SWCTTs of (A) high-salinity waterflood and (B) low-salinity waterflood. (Credit:
From McGuire, P. L., Chatham, J. R., Paskvan, F. K., Sommer, D. M., & Carini, F. H. (2005). Low salinity oil
recovery: An exciting new EOR opportunity for Alaska’s North slope. Paper presented at the SPE Western
Regional Meeting, Irvine, California, USA, 30 Marche1 April. https://doi.org/10.2118/93903-MS.)

of LSWF, observed from the SWCTTs. The SWCTTs for to be fully effective compared with the case of 2.0 PV in
the high-salinity waterflood report that the residual oil terms of additional oil recovery. The study concluded
saturation ranges from 39% to 43%. The tests are per- that the LSWF is an attractive and effective EOR at Endi-
formed to analyze the efficiency of LSWF slug size by cott Field and the content of kaolinite clay is of impor-
varying the slug size of low-salinity water. In the tests, tance to activate EOR effect.
the 2 PV injection of LSWF recovers the additional oil Seccombe et al. (2010) reported a few field trials of
saturation of 0.090.17. Based on the observations, interwell in the same field. An injector and a producer
linear relationship between the additional oil recovery are candidates for the interwell test. The well pair in
by LSWF and the kaolinite concentration is constructed. the subzone 3A2, Endicott Field, has the interwell dis-
In addition, a slug size of 0.4 PV of LSWF is determined tance of 1040 ft. The subzone has relatively higher