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40 2. Adsorption, Ion Exchange, and Catalysis

Table 2.4

, Brief history of ion exchange (Luc 2003; Helf 1962) y ferich,
Scientist(s) name(s) Breakthrough Year
H. S. Thompson Thompson passed a solution of manure through a 1845
filter made of ordinary garden soil and found that
the ammonia was remoed from solution. v
H. S. Thompson Recognition of the phenomenon of ion exchange and 1848–1852
J. T. Way a description of its basic characteristics.
J. Spence The ion exchange property of soils was found to be
based on their containing small amounts of zeolites.
H. Eichorn Proved that the adsorption of ions by clays and zeolites 1858
v ersible reaction. constitutes a re
g J. Lember Zeolites recognized as carriers of base exchange in soils; 1876
v equivalence of exchange of bases pro ed.
F. Harm Artificial zeolites used for remoal of potassium from v 1901–1902
A. Rumpler sugar juices. First synthetic industrial ion e xchanger .
S. Mayert Manufacture of sulfonated coals and suggestion for
K. Halse v the remoal of potassium from sugar juices.
R. Gans Discovered that zeolites could be used to soften hard 1905
water. He also invented processes for synthesizing zeolites
and designed the equipment—the zeolite water softener—
v used for the recoery of gold from sea w . ater
olin, O. F R. Bell The first analytical application of ion e xchange. 1917
J. Whitehorn The first use of ion exchange in column chromatography . 1923
A. Bahrdt The first use of an ion-exchange column for anion analysis. 1927
O. Liebknecht Entirely new types of cation exchangers were de eloped. v 1934–1939
P. Smit Not only could they be used in the sodium cycle when
regenerated with salt, but also in the hydrogen cycle when
regenerated with an acid. One group of these cation
exchangers was the carbonaceous type, which was made
by the sulfonation of coal.
B. A. Adams Synthesis of the first organic ion e . xchanger 1934–1935
E. L. Holmes
G. F. D’Alelio Invention of sulfonated polystyrene polymerization 1942
xchangers. cation e
yd G. E. Bo Demonstration of the applicability of ion e xchange 1942
J. Schubert for adsorption of fission products in trace amounts
A.W. Adamson (lanthanides).
C. H. McBurne y Invention of aminated polystyrene polymerization anion 1947
exchangers.
A. Sk ogseid Preparation of a potassium-specific polystyrene 1947
cation-exchanger chelating resin.
J. A. Marinsky The discoery of promethium (element 61), an v 1947
L. E. Glendenin element not found in nature, is attributed to ion
C. D. Coryell exchange
D. K. Hale Development of carboxylic addition polymers as weak 1949–1956
D. Reichenber g acid cation e xchangers.
N. E. Topp
C. G. Thomas
R. M. Barrer v xchange New zeolites as molecular siees with ion-e 1951–1956
D. W. Breck properties.
( Continued )