Page 103 - Advanced English Grammar in Use

h e p o r t m g o n e r s , s u g g e s t i o n s , o r a e r s ,
oraers,
suggestions,
NEPOrting oners,
i n t e n t i o n s , e t c .
etc.
intentions,
Verb + object + to-infinitive clause intentions, promises, requests, made to: + to-infinitive clause.
Verb + object + to-infinitive clause
etc., we
a
can
use
to-infinitive
offers, orders,
When we report
When we report offers, orders, intentions, promises, requests, etc., we can use a fo-infinitive
reporting clause.
object
after
the
an
verbs
Some
are
by
followed
clause
clause after the reporting clause. Some verbs are followed by an object + to-infinitive clause.
offer,
to the person who the
etc.,
is
object usually refers
The
The object usually refers to the person who the offer, etc., is made to:
'You should take the job, Frank.'
—> She encouraged Frank to take the job.
• ¢ "You should take the job, Frank.'-» She encouraged Frank to take the job.
'It must be a peaceful demonstration.'
• ¢
‘It must be a peaceful demonstration.'— Dr Barker called on the crowds to demonstrate
peacefully. —• Dr Barker called on the crowds to demonstrate
peacefully.
advise, ask, command, compel, expect, instruct, invite, order,
We Other verbs like this include
InOther verbs like this include advise, ask, command, compel, expect, instruct, invite, order,
•persuade, recommend, remind, request, tell, urge, warn.
—' persuade, recommend, remind, request, tell, urge, warn.
Verb + to-infinitive clause
Verb + to-infinitive clause
verbs cannot be followed by an object before a to-infinitive clause:
Some
Some verbs cannot be followed by an object before a to-infinitiveclause:
'I'll take you to town.'
She offered to take me to town,
—>
(not She offered me to take...)
• ¢ ‘'T'll take you to town.'— She offered to take me to town. (not She offered me to take...)
'The theatre will be built next to the town hall.' —> They propose to build the theatre next to
• ¢ 'The theatre will be built next to the town hall.'— They propose to build the theatre next to
(not They propose them to build...)
the town hall.
the town hall, (not They propose them to build...)
agree, demand, guarantee, hope, promise, swear, threaten,
Other verbs like this include
Other verbs like this include agree, demand, guarantee, hope, promise, swear, threaten,
volunteer, vow.
volunteer, vow.
used without an object when we ask someone's permission to allow us to do something:
oAsk is is used without an object when we ask someone's permission to allow us to do something:
aAsk
¥ soe : : . .
identification before I let him into the house.
see his
I asked to
• « • ¢ JT asked to see his identification before I let him into the house.
Verb + that-clause or verb + to-infinitive clause
Verb + that-clause orverb + to-infinitive clause
verbs we can use a that-c\a\xse instead of a to-infinitive clause:
After some
After some verbs we can use a that-clause instead of a to-infinitive clause:
He claimed to be innocent.
• ¢ He claimed fo be innocent. or or
claimed that he was innocent.
He
• ¢ He claimed that he was innocent.
agree, demand, expect, guarantee, hope, promise, propose, request, vow.
Verbs like this include
Verbs like this include agree, demand, expect, guarantee, hope, promise, propose, request, vow.
(See also Unit 48.)
(See also Unit 48.)
Verb + that-clause (notverb + to-infinitive clause)
Verb + that-clause (not verb + to-infinitive cause)
insist,
that-clause but not
a
advise,
to-
use
a
suggest we
order,
say and
such as
After verbs such as advise, insist, order, say and suggest we use a that-clause but not a to-
After verbs
used with
be
advise and
clause:
object +
Notice that
order can
to-infinitive
infinitive clause. Notice that advise and order can be used with object + to-infinitive clause:
infinitive clause.
(not ...said to play...)
that I had to play in goal,
The team captain said
• ¢ The team captain said that I had to play in goal. (not ...said to play...)
suggested that we went home early,
(not ...suggested to go...)
There were cheers when he
• * There were cheers when he suggested that we went home early. (not ...suggested to go...)
However, notice that in informal spoken English we can use say with a to-infinitive clause:
However, notice that in informal spoken English we can use say with a to-infinitive clause:
box on the table.
said
to put the
Tim
• ¢ Tim said to put the box on the table.
Verb + to-infinitive clause (/?ofverb + Maf-clause)
Verb + to-infinitive clause (not verb + thaf-clause)
but
we
that-c\z\xst:
a
a
not
to-infinitive
verbs
some
use
After some verbs we use a fo-infinitive but not a that-clause:
After
• * Carolyn intends to return to Dublin after a year in Canada, (not ...intends that...)
Carolyn intends to return to Dublin after a year in Canada. (not ...intends that...)
come with us to the cinema,
(not ...wanted that...)
• ¢ The children wanted to to come with us to the cinema. (not ...wanted that...)
The children wanted
volunteer.
offer, plan,
like
include long,
refuse,
this
Other verbs like this include long, offer, plan, refuse, volunteer.
Other verbs
someone has
report what
should
do
themselves,
suggested
doing,
either what they
When we
When we report what someone has suggested doing, either what they should do themselves,
or what someone else should do, we use a reporting clause with advise, propose, recommend, or
or what someone else should do, we use a reporting clause with advise, propose, recommend, or
an
by
-ing clause:
followed
suggest followed by an -ing clause:
suggest
number of primary schools.
closing a
• ¢ The government proposed closing a number of primary schools.
The government proposed
of books
reading a number
before the exam.
lecturer recommended
The
• ¢ The lecturer recommended reading a number of books before the exam.
i
Reporting questions = [IEG = Reporting siemens =
in
Should
that-clauses
Reporting quesions => Reporting statements = Should n that-clauses: ==>