Page 274 - Advanced English Grammar in Use

G l o s s a r y
Glossary
of indefinite
adverbs
active speaking; adverbs of indefinite
speaking;
active
an active clause or active sentence, (e.g. always, never);
frequency
In
In an active clause or active sentence, frequency (e.g. always, never);
subject is the person adverbs (e.g. completely,
degree
the grammatical
the grammatical subject is the person degree adverbs (e.g. completely,
about
give
which
information
or thing that performs the action quite) which give information about
quite)
or thing that performs the action
in the verb
(e.g.
Geoff wrote
given in the verb (e.g. Geoff wrote the extent degree of something;
the extent or or degree of something;
given
(e.g.
adverbs
even)
just,
which
the book). Compare PASSIVE. focus adverbs (e.g. just, even) which
focus
the book). Compare PASSIVE.
use to
focus
a particular word
on
we use to focus on a particular word
we
adjective
phrase.
adjective
or or phrase.
(e.g. an
A word that describes a noun
A word that describes a noun (e.g. an
or a pronoun (e.g. a clause
adverbial
interesting book)
interesting book) or a pronoun (e.g. a adverbial clause
Gradable adjectives can be of SUBORDINATE CLAUSE that
A type of SUBORDINATE CLAUSE that
big one). A type
big one). Gradable adjectives can be
say that a person or thing has says when, how, where, etc.
used
used to to say that a person or thing has says when, how, where, etc.
or less of this quality (e.g. She's (e.g. Before I
more
something happens (e.g. Before I
more or less of this quality (e.g. She's something happens
happy), while ungradable to school this morning, I did
very
went
very happy), while ungradable went to school this morning, I did
can't (e.g. It's impossible. my homework).
adjectives
adjectives can't (e.g. It's impossible. my homework).
say '...very impossible').
We can't say ‘...very impossible’).
We can't
adjectives say that adverbial phrase
adverbial phrase
Classifying adjectives say that
Classifying
says when,
that
of a particular type (e.g. A group of words that says when,
A group of words
something
something is is of a particular type (e.g.
something happens
initial). Emphasising how, where, etc. something happens
how, where, etc.
atomic,
atomic, initial). Emphasising
a
with
stress how strongly we feel a a week ago). great deal of noise, about
(e.g.
(e.g. with a great deal of noise, about
adjectives stress how strongly we feel
adjectives
adjective phrase of words where the main affirmative sentence (i.e. not a question) that
week ago).
utter
something
(e.g.
about
about something (e.g. utter
nonsense).
nonsense).
affirmative sentence
A statement (i.e. not a question) that
A statement
adjective phrase
is positive, not negative.
is positive, not negative.
A group
A group of words where the main
(e.g.
It's
an
adjective
word
word is is an adjective (e.g. It's
agent
agent
strong
It
wasn't
important;
extremely important; It wasn't strong
extremely
or
that performs
thing
person
The person or thing that performs
The
enough).
enough).
in
a verb.
action
described
the action described in a verb.
the
active
an
adverb Usually it is the subject in in an active
Usually it is the subject
adverb
and comes
after 'by...'
in
or gives more clause and comes after 'by...' in a a
clause
A word that describes
A word that describes or gives more
(when, how, where, etc.) passive clause.
passive clause.
information
information (when, how, where, etc.)
a verb (e.g. He ran quickly),
about a verb (e.g. He ran quickly),
about
verbs
auxiliary
auxiliary verbs
(e.g. an extremely expensive
adjective (e.g. an extremely expensive
adjective
do when
verbs
have and
be,
they
The
The verbs be, have and do when they
another adverb (e.g. She's doing
car),
car), another adverb (e.g. She's doing
to
verb
form
main
a
used with
are used with a main verb to form
are
or phrase (e.g. They live
very well), or phrase (e.g. They live
very well), questions, negatives, tenses, passive
Types of questions, negatives, tenses, passive
just across the road.).
just across the road.). Types of
VERBS are also
MODAL
forms, etc.
forms, etc. MODAL VERBS are also
adverbs of manner
adverb include: adverbs of manner
adverb include:
verbs.
auxiliary
auxiliary verbs.
use to say how something
which we
which we use to say how something
done (e.g. slowly, violently);
is is done (e.g. slowly, violently); clause
clause
adverbs (e.g.
connecting adverbs (e.g. A group of words that contains a a
connecting
A group of words that contains
similarly); time
consequently,
consequently, similarly); time verb. A clause may be a complete
verb. A clause may be a complete
(e.g. tomorrow, already);
A
or a part of a sentence.
adverbs (e.g. tomorrow, already);
adverbs sentence or a part of a sentence. A
sentence
adverbs (e.g. upstairs, outside);
exist as
a separate
clause can
place adverbs (e.g. upstairs, outside);
place main clause can exist as a separate
main
adverbs (e.g. apparently,
comment adverbs (e.g. apparently, a subordinate clause
comment
sentence, while
sentence, while a subordinate clause
which we use to make a
Tony
If I
work
(e.g.
at
see
personally)
personally) which we use to make a cannot (e.g. If] see Tony at work
cannot
are saying;
subordinate
invite him
clause),
I'll
comment on what we are saying; (= (= subordinate clause), I'l] invite him
comment on what we
adverbs (e.g. financially,
evening
clause)).
main
(=
viewpoint
viewpoint adverbs (e.g. financially, over this evening (= main clause)).
over this
which we use to make
politically) which we use to make since-clause
politically)
Types of clause include: since-clause
Types of clause include:
from what point of view we are
clear from what point of view we are I haven't seen him since we left
clear
(e.g.
(e.g. I haven't seen him since we left
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