Page 31 - Advances in bioenergy (2016)

amount of agricultural land is currently 3.1 Mha. (Data adapted from Refs 22 and 65.)

Figure 25.4 A theoretical potential of future expansion of Swedish low, indirect impact
ethanol production and related GHG performance (based on system expansion),
including dLUC and currently available technology.

Chapter 26

Figure 26.1 Illustration of how the unit costs accrue through the supply chain

Figure 26.2 Cost of transport and piling of round bales.

Figure 26.3 Nomogram illustrating how storage cost (per ton) is related to investment,
rate of interest, packing density (utilization), and bale density. At a given investment (1)
and rate (2) it provides the annual capital cost per gross storage volume. At a given
space utilization level (3), i.e., net bale volume compared with gross storage volume,
and bale density (4), the capital cost per ton dry material can be read (5).

Figure 26.4 Time consumption for firing, sweeping, and ash removal per MWh,
grouped by plant technology and straw storage conditions.

Chapter 27

Figure 27.1 Primary energy-related carbon dioxide by sector. Created using data from
Ref 3.

Figure 27.2 Fuel imports (2000–2010). Created using data from Ref 4.

Figure 27.3 World ethanol production. Created using data from Ref 30.

Figure 27.4 World biodiesel production. Created using data from Ref 34.

Chapter 28

Figure 28.1 Biofuels production options illustrating the suitable conversion processes
for various kinds of biomass. To avoid making the figure too difficult to read we have
chosen to exclude arrows pointing out that all types of biomass can be combusted.

Figure 28.2 Domestically produced biofuels for transport in Sweden 2010–2030, in
Scenario 1, based on current production, the realization of future plans, and with
assumptions for the implementation of subsequent additional biofuels production.

Figure 28.3 Domestically produced biofuels for transport in Sweden 2010–2030 based
on current production, the realization of future plans and a slower pace for the
implementation of subsequent additional biofuels production. All plans are assumed to
be delayed by 5 years compared to what is currently reported.

Chapter 29
Figure 29.1 Development and state of global biofuel production. (a) Expansion of
biofuel production 2000–2010. (b) Ethanol and biodiesel production in 2010. [Figure
1a is based on data, with permission, from Ref 27. Copyright 2011, BP. Figure 1b is

based on data, with permission, from Ref 28. Copyright 2011, REN21 (original data