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222 Advances in Eco-Fuels for a Sustainable Environment
25
Planned
Under construction 21
Operational
20
Nonoperational
18
Number of plants 15 12 13 14
15
10
5
3 3
2
1 1
0
0
Commercial Pilot Demonstration
Fig. 8.7 Current status of the global second-generation bioethanol plants.
(Prepared using data from reference Task 39. 2018. http://demoplants.bioenergy2020.eu/
[Accessed 4 August 2018].)
l The commercial cellulosic bioethanol plant was established by Borregaard Industries AS in
Sarpsborg, Norway, in 1938 with a capacity of 20 million liters per year [55]. The plant used
sulfite-spent liquor from a sulfite plant using Norwegian spruce of 400,000 tons/year to pro-
duce bioethanol.
l Enerkem Alberta Biofuels LP started the construction of a second-generation commercial
ethanol plant in Edmonton, Canada, in 2010 and expected to start production in 2013
[54, 56]. However, the plant started production in 2014 with a capacity of 38 million liters
per year from municipal solid waste of 350 tons per day. The plant is producing ethanol using
gasification technology.
POET-DSM Advanced Biofuels started cellulosic ethanol production in 2014 from the plant
l
established in Emmetsburg, theUnited States. The plant has a production capacity of 75,000
tons per year from agricultural residue feedstock.
China constructed an integrated commercial cellulosic plant consisting of pretreatment,
l
hydrolysis, fermentation, and coproduction technology at Songyuan in the Jilin province
with a capacity of 20,000 tons per year [57]. The plant is converting lignocellulosic biomass
into ethanol and other value-added coproducts such as compressed natural gas and lignin
plastic composite material.
l Recently, LanzaTech, a carbon recycling company, has built the world’s first commercial
plant as a joint venture with Shougang Group, a leading steel-producing company, for con-
verting flue gas from the steel industry to sustainable ethanol. The plant has a capacity of
46,000 tons per year.
