Page 218 - Alternative Energy Systems in Building Design

194 ENERGY CONSERVATION

including parking lots; driveways and site roads; and pedestrian walkways, including
plazas, sidewalks, and bikeways, are all considered part of general lighting.
General lighting includes building entrances and facades, such as outdoor sales lots,
building facades, outdoor sales frontages, service-station canopies, vehicle service sta-
tion hardscape, canopies, ornamental lightings, drive-up windows, guarded facilities,
outdoor dining, and temporary outdoor lighting. Site lighting is also regulated by the
Federal Aviation Regulation Standards.
General lighting also covers lighting standards used in sports and athletic fields,
children’s playgrounds, industrial sites, automated teller machines (ATMs), public
monuments, and lights used around swimming pools or water features, tunnels, bridges,
stairs, and ramps. Tradeoffs are not permitted for specific-application lighting.
Allowable lighting power for both general site illumination and specific applications
are governed by four separate outdoor lighting zone requirements, as will be described
later. The lighting zones in general characterize ambient lighting intensities in the sur-
rounding areas. For example, sites that have high ambient lighting levels have a larger
allowance than sites with lower ambient lighting levels. The following are Title 24 CEC
zone classification:

Zone LZ1: Government-assigned area

Zone LZ2: Rural areas as defined by the U.S. 2000 Census
Zone LZ3: Urban area as defined by the U.S. 2000 Census
Zone LZ4: Currently not defined

Signs Sign standards contain both prescriptive and performance approaches. Sign
mandatory measures apply to both indoor and outdoor signs. Prescriptive requirements
apply when the signs are illuminated with efficient lighting sources, such as electronic
ballasts, whereas the performance requirement is applied when calculating the maxi-
mum power defined as a function of the sign surface area in watts per square foot.

Installed power The installed power for outdoor lighting applications is determined
in accordance with specific mandatory measure calculation guidelines. Luminaire
power for pin-based and high-intensity discharge lighting fixtures may be used as an
alternative to determine the wattage of outdoor luminaries. Luminaires with screw-base
sockets and lighting systems that allow the addition or relocation of luminaries without
modification to the wiring system must follow the required guidelines. In commercial
lighting systems, no power credits are offered for automatic controls; however, the use
of automatic lighting controls is mandatory.
Similar to indoor lighting, mandatory features and devices must be included in all
outdoor lighting project documentation, whenever applicable. The mandatory meas-
ures also require the performance of equipment to be certified by the manufacturers
and that fixtures rated 100 W or larger must have high efficiency; otherwise, they are
required to be controlled by a motion sensor. Fixtures with lamps rated 175 W or more
must incorporate directional baffles to direct the light toward the ground.