Page 16 - Analysis and Design of Energy Geostructures

List of symbols xvii

Roman symbols
Symbol Variable name Unit measure
Country
cty
Diameter of pile m
D
Bending rigidity per unit area N/m
D b
Equivalent diameter m
D eq
Excess diameter m
D exc
Fractal dimension
D f
Elastic stiffness tensor Pa
D ijkl
Constant
D L
Diameter of the biggest aggregate characterising the mix design of the m
D max
filling material
Effective hydraulic diameter m
D p
Displacement ratio
D r
Relative density %
D R
D 10 ; D 50 Grain size diameter m
Degree of freedom
DOF
Hydraulic equivalent rock joint opening m
d e
Material constant 1/ C

d exp
Inner diameter of pipe m
d p ; d p;in
Outer diameter of pipe m
d p;out
d q ; d c ; d γ Bearing factors
Material parameter
d r
Rock joint opening m
d rj
0 Depth at which the compression reinforcement is placed from the most m
d
compressed fibre of the cross section
Young’s modulus Pa
E
Young’s modulus of concrete Pa
E c
Cooling energy Wh
E C
Mean secant Young’s modulus Pa
E cm
Design value of action or action effect Variable
E d
Equivalent Young’s modulus Pa
E eq
Young’s modulus of pile Pa
E EP
Heating energy Wh
E H
Total thermal energy Wh
E H;C
Constant
E L
Menard pressuremeter modulus Pa
E M
Oedometric modulus Pa
E oed
Young’s modulus of reinforcement Pa
E r
Young’s modulus of slab Pa
E slab
Young’s modulus of soil Pa
E soil
Young’s modulus of soil at the level of pile base Pa
E soil;b
Young’s modulus of soil mass Pa
E soil;m
Young’s modulus of soil around the pile shaft Pa
E soil;s
Average value of Young’s modulus of soil Pa
E soil
E 1 Exponential integral
Void ratio
e
Incremental change of void ratio
de
Critical void ratio
e c
World energy-related greenhouse gas emissions t CO2eq
e E;w
World energy-related CO 2 emissions by sector and region kg
e E;w;s