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Energy and geotechnologies 7
Figure 1.3 Final energy consumption shares by end users in the European Union in 2015. Data
from Eurostat, 2017, Europe in Figures—Eurostat Yearbook. Office for Official Publications.
Figure 1.4 Final energy consumption in the Swiss building sector in 2012. Data from Kemmler, A.,
Piégsa, A., Ley, A., Keller, M., Jakob, M., Catenazzi, G., 2013. Analysis of the Swiss Energy Consumption
According to the End Use. Swiss Federal Office of Energy, Bern.
Historically, the global energy market has been, and is still, dominated by the combustion
of fossil fuels, that is nonrenewable primary energy sources. In recent years (since the mid-
20th century), fossil fuels have met at least 60% of the final energy consumption and at
least 80% of the primary energy supply (cf. Figs 1.5 and 1.6).
