Page 344 - Anthropometry, Apparel Sizing and Design

Sizing and fit for pressure garments 337

Table 13.2 Continued
Locations of
pressure Pressure Effect of compression
No. applied range (kPa) (reshape or lift) Researcher
5 Bust, waist, hip 0.28–4.98 G. Mengna, M.
Sato, W.
Yueping
6 Waist, thigh 4.00–5.33 H. Makabe
7 Waist, hip, thigh 0.10–3.89 N. Ito, Y.
Xiaohong, W.
Haiyan, G.
Lei, J. Erfan
8 Waistband, 1.65–5.93 L. Mingxia
thigh, knee
9 Hip, thigh, calf 2.40–3.09 T. Tamura, L.
Huashan
10 Lower limbs, 0.04–4.00 T. Toshiyuki, X.
knee, calf, Meiling, Y.
midcalf, ankle Pei, Q. Rui, L.
Suzhen

Fig. 13.2A shows the bodies with possible pressure ranges.
In summation, the garments can produce pressure on soft tissue from 0 to 3.7kPa
and on skeletal parts from 3.4 to 9.2kPa (Giele et al., 1997; Wong and Li, 2004;
Yanmei et al., 2014; Guney and Kaplan, 2016; Huashan et al., 2017). Different kinds
of garments can produce pressure: swimwear 0.98–1.96kPa, medical stockings
2.94–5.88kPa, shaping underwear 2.94–4.9kPa, and fitness wear at <1.96kPa
(Du and He, 2014; Qu and Song, 2015; Xu, 2016; Xinzhou et al., 2016; Cheng,
2017; Yongrong et al., 2018).

13.3.3 Body soft parts reshape/change range or value
For daily and athletic styles, the pressure garments must squeeze the soft parts of the
body. For example, running pants must reduce the muscle oscillations, and shapewear
should correct the bodyshape bychangingbust, waist, and hip girth. Few research stud-
ies have been done concerning the reshape/lifting (push-up) effects (Table 13.2).
Fig. 13.2B shows the collected statistics on how the soft tissue can be displaced
under compression (Scurr et al., 2009; Fangyuan and Xiaona, 2013; Milligan et al.,
2014; White et al., 2011).
As we can see from Fig.13.2B, the female breast can be lifted from 4.0 to
13.5cm by means of a bra (the interval is presented of the population of females
with average weight 65.6 7.6kg, height 34 1.8in., D size of cup). The more
delicate area is the male genitalia; its reshaping ability should be taken into
account during design of male underwear. The vertical lifting capability of male