Page 349 - Anthropometry, Apparel Sizing and Design

342 Anthropometry, Apparel Sizing and Design

for functional pressure garment—(72%–92% PET+8%–28% spandex); (41% nylon+21%
Neoprene+31%PET+7%spandex);(55%thermoplasticelastomerTPE+35%polyester+10%
spandex);
for daily underwear—(viscose fiber+PET+spandex); (cotton/nylon/viscose+spandex);
(cotton/viscose+Modal/Nylon+spandex).
Table 13.4 shows the possible combinations of the pressure values and the elongation
of materials used in different garments.
To express the abilities of materials, such as to push up the soft tissue of the human
body and to create compression, three large databases should be joined: first, the
mechanical properties of materials such as an elongation under small loads; second,
the pressure that can be applied to soft tissues; third, the human perception of elon-
gated materials by means of skin sensitivity. This last is a complex parameter because
it involves both objective and subjective scores and reflects a human-friendly
approach (Mengna, 2015).
There are two approaches that allow a calculation of the compression ability of
materials.
The first approach uses the results obtained after testing the materials and the soft
tissue under conditions with the load of elongation increased constantly. The index of
compression performance CP shows the relationship between the elongation of knit-
ted materials (%) and their ability to produce pressure on soft tissue (kPa) and can be
calculated by the equation (Zhe et al., 2017)

Table 13.4 Parameters of pressure garments

Area of Material
application Garment function Pressure (kPa) elongation (%)
Medicine After-burn therapy 2–3.3 (Macintyre, 2006) 15–20 (Macintyre,
(maximum 5,3) 2014)
Vascular diseases, 2–8.0 (http://www.sigvaris.
improving blood com/usa/en-us/knowledge/
circulation by compression-levels-and-
stocking indications)
Sports Reshaping, 0.65 (knee)–2.4 (calf ) More than 100 (for
improving blood (Troynikova, 2011) free movements)
circulation, (Lim, 2006)
muscle recovery
Cosmetic Reshaping of male 0.65–4.0 ( Jennes, 2012) <40 (Kuzmichev
bodies et al., 2016)
Reshaping of female 0.8–3.6 (Sarah, 2012)
bodies
Strong correction of <6.6 (http://en.wikisource.
breast area of org/wiki/Toleration_of_
female bodies the_corset)
Daily Comfort 0.4–1.3 (Boldovkina, 2005; 3.5–12.7 (Lim,
Hang, 2013) 2006)