Page 53 - Anthropometry, Apparel Sizing and Design

Anthropometric methods for apparel design: Body measurement devices and techniques 49

(A) (B) (C) (D)
Fig. 2.12 Back neck point (cervicale). The arrow indicates the tip of the spinous process of the
seventh cervical vertebra on the bone (A) or on the living human (B, D). The cross mark
indicates the location of the back neck point marked on the subject in the basic standing posture
(C, D). Note the difference between the location of the cross mark and the protrusion of the
spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra when the subject bends her neck forward (D).

between the skin and garment. When taking a measurement, use the mark on the skin.
When the body is scanned, place a marker sticker on the garment immediately before
scanning.
When a subject is wearing a brassiere, use the bust point rather than the thelion (the
center of the nipple). The bust point is the most anterior point of the bust for subjects
wearing bras.

2.5.3 Size and shape of marks
Marks on the skin should be clear and visibly large enough to avoid confusing them
with moles. When a marker sticker attached on a mark for 3-D body scanning falls off,
the paste removes the mark made with the eyeliner pencil. Putting another marker
sticker at the same location is easy if the mark is a cross that is larger than the marker
stickers.

2.5.4 Neck base line and related landmarks
2.5.4.1 Back neck point (Cervicale)

The back neck point is the tip of the spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra
(Fig. 2.12A). The tip of the spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra is visible
and easily palpated when the subject bends the head forward (Fig. 2.12B). The back
neck point must be marked with the subject holding his/her head in the Frankfurt plane
(Fig. 2.12C). The location of the marked back neck point while the head of the subject
is oriented in the Frankfurt plane is considerably different from the position of the tip
of the spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra while the subject bends the head
forward (Fig. 2.12D). In a few subjects the spinous processes of two or three vertebrae
are equally prominent. In such cases, select the one that makes the most natural neck
base line.