Page 111 - Basic English Usage
P. 111

114                            139 —  141

        139   future  perfect


              |  shall/will  have  +  past  participle

              We  use  the  future  perfect  to  say  that  something  will  have  been
              completed  by  a  certain  time  in  the  future.
                ll  have  been  here  for  seven  years  next  Friday.
                The  painters  say  they'll  have  finished  the  downstairs  rooms  by
                Tuesday.
              A  progressive  form  is  possible.
                I'll  have  been  teaching  for  twenty  years  this  summer.


        140  future  progressive

               shall/will+  be  +...  -ing
              We  can  use  the  future  progressive  to  say  that  something  will  be  going
              on  at  a  particular  moment  in  the  future.

                      TIME  TOMORROW  I'LL  BI
                 ING  ON  A  BEACH  IN  TUNISIA




              PAST
                        {NOW}
                         ODOOODOOO


       141    gender  (masculine  and  feminine  language)

              English  does  not  have  many  problems  of  grammatical  gender:  people
              are  he  or  she  and  things  are  it.
              Note  the  following  points:

              Animats,  cars  and  countries
              People  sometimes  call  animals  he  or  she,  especially  pet  animals  like
              cats,  dogs  and  horses.
                Go  and  find  the  cat  and  put  him  out.
              Some  people  use  she  for  cars,  motorbikes  etc;  sailors  often  use  she  for
              boats  and  ships.
                ‘How's  your  new  car?’  ‘Terrific.  She’s  running  beautifully.’
              We  can  use  she  for  countries,  but  itis  more  common.
                He  loves  Spain  —  its  culture,  its  history  and  its  civilization.

                (OR  ...  herculture,  her  history  ...)
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