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oo   in   the   in   increase   few   a   over   on   enthalpy   indicating   the   slightly             {2}.   from   and   John   of


        A decrease   solute   of   an   and   1/T for   are obtained   based  prediction   solute’s   temperature   the   oo   parallel,   are nearly   diverge   30       permission   Concepts   courtesy



         logarithmically.   amount  relative   k,  factor,   versus  volume   lines  Straight   our   with   that   to   over  constant   are   9.1   compounds   lines   of   pairs   70-50   with  Reprinted   Chromatography:   M.,   J.   Reproduced   145.   p.







         decreases   the   in   retention   the   retention   net   relationship.   accordance   proportional   is   be   to   Figure   in   lines   these   for   many   that   100          (°K)  1000/T   volume.  of  retention   Miller,   From   1987,   York,



         solute   decrease   in   of   log   this   in   line   each   assumed   the   vaporization   reveals   Ltd.   New   Inc.,


         the   a   in   increase   the   range   of   be   can   150                                        dependence   Journals,   Sons,
         of   an   of   illustrates   slope   approximation,   of   inspection                                  &
  Lf fects   pressure   results   viz,   time.   plot   a   temperature   The   and   enthalpies   closer   N  00   1000       Temperature   Pergamon   1964,   Wiley   Inc.


  LCINPECIGLUre   vapor   the   pressure  vapor   phase,  mobile   retention   in   9.1,  Figure   solutes   typical   limited   a   1.  equation   vaporization   of   shown.   range   first   a   To   the   that   A   same.   (jw)  awNjon  UORUAIa!  18N   9.1.   Fig.   Copyright   John  Contrasts,   Sons,   &  Wiley












                                                                of   new   effects     other          (1)    & is
                                                                process   effective    the   retention   constants   7;   tempera-   decreases


                                                                the   very   screening   general   GC,   and   Clausius—Clapeyron   temperature,   this

                                                                is   is   It   for   the   in   times   distribution   at   temperature
                                                                (PTGC)   during   run.   GC   a   is   used   often   let  consider   us   results.   variables  important   Retention   the  because   the   with   constant   +   absolute   at   pressure  vapor   (absolute)






                                           Programmed   Temperature      chromatography   gas  temperature   temperature  column   and  analysis   an  optimizing   detail,   in   it  describing   chromatographic   gas   on   EFFECTS   two   the   of   one   most   stationary   the   of   phase.   increases  temperature   as   accordance   in   AH   O—  At   _   RT   2.3   p   log   of  enthalpy  vaporization   p°   and  compound’s   the   is   indi














                                                                Programmed   increasing   the   for   Before   temperature   TEMPERATURE   is  Temperature   nature   the   decrease  temperature-dependent   the   is   A#   constant;   gas   equation   The


                                           9.                        method   samples.   of   being   factors   are   equation,   where   the   ture.
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