Page 343 - Becoming Metric Wise

336 Becoming Metric-Wise

primarily elite scientists contribute to scientific progress (Cole & Cole,
1972).
1973: First U.S. National Science Board’s Science Indicators (covering
the year 1972).
1973: The first Social Science Citation Index.
1973: Henry Small (USA) and Irina Marshakova (USSR) indepen-
dently introduce the notion of cocitation (Small, 1973; Marshakova,
1973).
1975: Michael J. Moravcsik and Poovanalingam Murugesan propose a
classification scheme for citations (Moravcsik & Murugesan, 1975).
1975: First International Research Forum in Information Science
(IRFIS): London, organized by B.C. Brookes.
1975: Benoı ˆt Mandelbrot publishes Les objets fractals: forme, hasard, et
dimension (Mandelbrot, 1975), translated as: Fractals: Form, Chance and
Dimension (Mandelbrot, 1977) later reworked to The Fractal Geometry
of Nature (Mandelbrot, 1982), his main work on fractals, including an
explanation of Zipf’s law.
1976: Derek J. de Solla Price models the informetric laws using the
success-breeds-success or cumulative advantage principle (based on the
work of H. Simon), (Price, 1976).
1976: The first Journal Citation Reports.
1976: Gabriel Pinski and Francis Narin propose a citation influence
measure, the precursor of Google’s PageRank (Pinski & Narin, 1976).
1977: Nigel Gilbert claims that persuasiveness is the main reason for
citing (Gilbert, 1977).
1978: Journal Scientometrics founded under the editorship of Tibor
Braun.
1978: Arts & Humanities Citation Index launched.
1979: Term “informetrics” proposed by Nacke (1979) and by
Blackert and Siegel (1979).
1979: Coword analysis introduced as a bibliometric technique
(Callon, Courtial, Turner, 1979).
1981: Evaluation of big science and the idea of converging partial
indicators: Martin & Irvine (1981, 1983).
1983: Anthony van Raan, Henk Moed and their team from Leiden
(the Netherlands) perform evaluations of university research groups
(Moed et al., 1983, 1985a,b).
1984: Eugene Garfield receives the first Derek J. de Solla Price medal.