Page 129 - Bio Engineering Approaches to Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment

References 127

FIGURE 5.3 IPSCs and factors to produce immune cells [44].

cells due to the high ability they have to differentiate to immune system cells. IPSCs
have the same properties of the EMCs, therefore, these cells are more suitable to be
used in this immunotherapy technique. IPSC can be generated from somatic stem
cells of the patients. These cells have the potential to generate a specific immune
cell for the patients with antitumor activity that can be used in personal cancer treat-
ment. Also, IPSCs does not have the problems related to ESC, for instance, undesired
immune reaction against foreign tissue. Fig. 5.3 depicts some factors for generating
immune cells from IPSCs.
With the development in adoptive T cell therapy for cancer, lack of available and
antigen-specific human T lymphocyte becomes a hindrance for this technique [45].
Combination of IPSCc and CAR technologies offers a potential new source of T
cells. This system could facilitate the production of T cell population with additional
genetic modification and specification in cancer treatment. In 2013 Wakao et al., by
the combination of IPSCs and CART cells, have generated human T cells targeted
to CD19 in tissue culture. They have shown that IPSC inhibits tumor growth in a
xenograft model [46].
In the following chapters, a brief review of bioengineering approaches in cancer
treatments based on nonbiological methods such as laser, magnetic, and ultrasound
will be discussed.

References
[1] V. Deschoolmeester, D. Kerr, P. Pauwels, J.B. Vermorken, Cell based therapy: modi-
fied cancer cells, Immunotherapy for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Springer, Champ, 2017,
pp. 23–46.
[2] C. Yee, Adoptive T cell therapy: points to consider, Curr. Opin. Immunol. 51 (2018)
197–203.