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118 Annexes

policy; the role of subsidies and other support measures; and the role of the
regulatory framework and barriers to entry, and unfair competition. All these topics
are also, and rightly so, of interest to industrialists, financiers and analysts since this
is an emerging sector that has not benefited from many decades of trial and error, of
optimisation and knowledge of scale effects (unlike the fossil economy). Public
policies are then a determining factor for the success of the transition to an
industrial bio-economy.

5. Bibliographie
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EUROBIOREF (2014) European multilevel integrated biorefinery design for sus-
tainable biomass processing. www.eurobioref.org
OCDE (2009) La bioe ´conomie a ` l’horizon 2030: Quel programme d’action
OECD (2012) Industrial Biotechnologies
OECD (2002) Frascati manual, proposed standard practice for survey on research
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OECD (2005) Olso manual, guidelines for collecting and interpreting innovation
data
OECD (2012) Handbook on measuring the space economy
Star-Colibri (2011) Joint European Biorefinery Vision for 2030, et The Europrean
biorefinery joint strategic research roadmap for 2020 October