Page 24 - Bridge and Highway Structure Rehabilitation and Repair

SYMBOLS, NOTATIONS, AND TERMINOLOGY xxiii

Sidewalk—Sidewalk is an elevated deck for use by the pedestrian and is placed at the side of a bridge deck. It
is usually protected by railing from the traffi c.
Scupper—Scupper is used for rapid deck drainage. It is a vertical pipe located at the deck inlet at the face of
parapet and connected under the bridge substructure into a manhole of drainage system.
Sheeting—Sheeting is timber or steel planks driven in the soil to allow construction of footing. They serve as
temporary retaining walls and are usually left in place.
Sign structure—Sign structure supports the sign panels which provide directions to the drivers about the exact
location. Overhead, cantilever, butterfl y types are used. It is usually placed well before the exit ramp or
intersection.
Underdrain—Underdrain is a water drainage pipe usually located behind abutment. It prevents water table from
rising to the deck elevation.
Wearing surface—Wearing surface protects the deck from abrasion and cracking from friction and impact of
the fast moving trucks and vehicles.
Wingwall—Wingwall is located on the sides of the bridge width. The two splayed or return walls provide stability
to abutment, by confi ning the earth behind the abutment and preventing it from moving.