Page 44 - Caldera Volcanism Analysis, Modelling and Response

rate calc., units. al. et Gansecki the from

Magma production km 3 y 1 o1.6 10 3 o8.7 10 4 o1.2 10 3 o2.5 10 3 o3.3 10 4 o9.2 10 4 o8.3 10 4 1.7–5.2 10 2 1.6–1.8 10 3 1.0–3.2 10 2 related [G96], estimates rough

from [G96] [B&V01] [B&V01] [B&V01] [B&V01] [B&V01] geographically (2001), are volumes
Time di¡usion modeling y o2 0.5–5 ky 0.5–5 ky 0.5–5 ky 0.5–5 ky 10 ky multiple one Christiansen the U–Th–Pb).

residence time a to refer [C01], (2001), [C01e], (e.g.,

Magma 30711 ky 57712ky 40718 ky 7–20 ky 46–146 ky 54 ky–1.6 My 60 ky–1.5 My 19–57 ky 160–170 ky 120–450 ky 77–234 ky data (2002). clocks

system. [V&R02] [V&R02] [V&R02] [V&R02] These Valley and Reid and radioactive

caldera 350 ka 300 ka 199 Ma 280 ka [G96] 370 Ma [B01] [B01] [G98] 1 Ma [G98] 1.7 Ma [B01] equivalent. Bindeman Vazquez other

Yellowstone Oldest ages to Up to Up to Up to Up to Up 92–97 Ma 3.5270.2 Ma to Up to Up 6471 Ma rock dense [B&V01], [V&R02], of those

the or U--Th age [V&R02] [V&R02] [B01] [B01] [B01] in (2001), (1992), and ages
of [B01] [B01] [B01] [B01] Volumes al. et
rates Zircon U--Pb disequilibrium 101(+11/ 10) ka 167 (+12/ 11) ka [V&R02] 163 (+20/ 17) ka [V&R02] 167(+26/ 21) ka 0.65970.044 Ma 1.46370.046 Ma 2.13470.234 Ma Vol, Bindeman Obradovich eruption

process (SIMS) 0.53–0.63 Ma 0.54–2.15 Ma 0.516–2.03 Ma 1.87–2.2 Ma given. are [B01], [O92], the between

and age [G96] [G96] [G96] and [L02] [G98] [L02] [G98] [L02] [G98] former sources: (2002),
times K--Ar [O92] [O92] [O92] [O92] [G96] 0.6 [O92] the only Data al. et difference

residence 40 Ar/ 39 Ar or (eruption) 7072 ka 11073 ka 12073 ka 16072 ka 0.47970.010 Ma 0.48470.041 Ma 0.48670.041 Ma 0.51670.06 Ma (between n.d. 0.5 Ma) 0.64070.002 Ma 0.60270.004 Ma 1.30470.011 Ma 1.29370.012 Ma 1.78 Ma 1.75, 2.05770.002 Ma 2.00370.014 Ma available quartz. Lanphere the as taken

data, are ages Qtz, zircon, [L02], a This is

age (km 3 ) [C01e] [C01e] [C01e] [C01e] [C01e] [C01e] [C01e] [C01e] [C01e] [C01] [C01] [C01] K–Ar Zrc, (1998), (2001).
volumes, Vol o50 o50 o50 o50 o50 Creek o50 o50 Flow o50 Basin o50 1000 280 2500 and plagioclase, al. et Christiansen

Units, Plateau Plateau Y ellowstone Sulphur Flow Road Biscuit Basin Biscuit Tuff Tuff Flow Tuff 40 Ar/ 39 Ar Plag, Gansecki of

5 Y ellowstone system Pitchstone Solfatara Creek of Canyon Dunraven Flow Flow Creek Falls Creek Huckleberry both If [G98],
Table West Dry Tuff Middle South Lava Mesa Blue Notes: calculation, (1996), publication