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model is likely a reasonable model for frequency ranges around 0–200Hz, it would not
be appropriate to use at high frequencies near the resonance at 3400Hz. While the addi-
tional complexity of the two-mass system is not required to reproduce the low frequency
behavior of the valve-gear system, damping should be added to the model if accurate repro-
duction of the resonance around 67Hz is desired. This could take the form of an analyti-
cal prediction of friction (Pisano, 1984; Hanachi and Freudenstein, 1986) or a simple
equivalent damper added in parallel to the equivalent spring (Fig. 11.25b) and identified
through experiment, Chen (1982).
REFERENCES
Barkan, P., “Calculation of High-Speed Valve Motion with a Flexible Overhead Linkage,” Society of
Automotive Engineers Transactions, (61): 687–700, 1953.
Cannon, R.H., Dynamics of Physical Systems, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1967.
Chen, F.Y., Mechanics and Design of Cam Mechanisms, Pergamon Press, New York, 1982.
De Silva, C.W., Vibration: Fundamentals and Practice, CRC Press, London, 2000.
Fenster, S.K., and Gould, H.H., “Mathematics,” in Rothbart, H.A. (ed) Mechanical Design and
Systems Handbook, second edition, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1985.
Friedland, B., Advanced Control System Design, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1996.
Garrott, W.R., and Monk, M.W., Vehicle Inertial Parameters—Measured Values and Approximations,
Society of Automotive Engineers Paper 881767, 1988.
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Haessig, D.A., and B. Friedland, “On the Modelling and Simulation of Friction,” American Society
of Mechanical Engineers Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement and Control, (113): 354–362,
1991.
Hanachi, S., and Freudenstein, F., “The Development of a Predictive Model for the Optimization of
High-Speed Cam-Follower Systems with Coulomb Damping, Internal Friction and Elastic and
Fluidic Elements,” American Society of Mechanical Engineers Journal of Mechanisms, Transmis-
sions and Automation in Design, (108): 506–515, 1986.
Herbert, R.G., and McWhannell, D.C., “Shape and Frequency Composition of Impulses from an
Impact Pair,” American Society of Mechanical Engineers Journal of Engineering for Industry, (99):
513–518, 1977.
Hunt, K.H., and Crossley, F.R.E., “Coefficient of Restitution Interpreted as Damping in Vibroimpact,”
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can Society of Mechanical Engineers Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement and Control,
(107): 100–103, 1985.
Layton, R.A., Principles of Analytical System Dynamics, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1998.
Meirovich, L., Fundamentals of Vibrations, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2001.
Pisano, A.P., and Freudenstein, F., “An Experimental and Analytical Verification of a High-Speed
Cam-Follower System,” American Society of Mechanical Engineers Journal of Mechanisms,
Transmissions and Automation in Design, (105): 692–704, 1983.
Pisano, A.P., “Coulomb Friction in High-Speed Cam-Follower Systems,” American Society of
Mechanical Engineers Journal of Mechanisms, Transmissions and Automation in Design, (106):
470–474, 1984.