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Helically coiled and toroidal cage forms of graphitic carbon 85
structures also exist. In the helically coiled form, coils Phys. Ref. B46, 1941 (1992). W. Y. Ching, Ming-Zhu
may be able to transform into other forms. It would Huang, and Young-nian-Xu, Phys. Rev. B46, 9910
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lical coiling around the tube, nested helical forms, 9. K. Miyazaki, Polyhedra and Architecture (in Japanese),
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12. S. Itoh, S. Ihara, and J. Kitakami, Phys. Rev. B47, 1703
Because the insertion of pentagons and heptagons into (1993).
hexagons changes the electronic structures[26], heli- 13. S. Ihara, S. Itoh, and J. Kitakami, Phys. Rev. B47,
cal and toroidal forms will have interesting electrical 12908 (1993).
and magnetic properties, which could not be seen in 14. S. Ihara, S. Itoh, and J. Kitakami, Phys. Rev. B48,5643
(1993).
the cylindrical tubes by modulation of the periodicity 15. S. Itoh and S. Ihara, Phys. Rev. B48, 8323 (1993).
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and D. S. Bethune for sending us TEM pictures of helically (1995).
coiled graphitic carbon. We are also grateful for the useful 18. M. Fujita, M. Yoshida, and E. Osawa, Fullerene Sei.
discussions with Masaru Tsukada, Ryo Tarnura, Kazuto Tech. (in press).
Akagi, and Jun-ichi Kitakami. We are also grateful for the 19. E. G. Gal'pern, I. V. Stankevich, A. L. Chistyakov, and
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