Page 13 - Characterization and Properties of Petroleum Fractions

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AT029-Manual
AT029-Manual-v8.cls
16:4
AT029-FM
June 19, 2007
xii CONTENTS
7.2 Density
7.2.1 Density of Gases 300
300
7.2.2 Density of Liquids 300
7.2.3 Density of Solids 304
7.3 Vapor Pressure 305
7.3.1 Pure Components 305
7.3.2 Predictive Methods—Generalized
Correlations 306
7.3.3 Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Fractions 312
7.3.3.1 Analytical Methods 312
7.3.3.2 Graphical Methods for Vapor
Pressure of Petroleum Products
and Crude Oils 313
7.3.4 Vapor Pressure of Solids 314
7.4 Thermal Properties 316
7.4.1 Enthalpy 316
7.4.2 Heat Capacity 319
7.4.3 Heats of Phase Changes—Heat of
Vaporization 321
7.4.4 Heat of Combustion—Heating Value 324
7.5 Summary and Recommendations 326
7.6 Problems 327
References 328
Chapter 8—Applications: Estimation of Transport Properties 329
Nomenclature 329
8.1 Estimation of Viscosity 331
8.1.1 Viscosity of Gases 331
8.1.2 Viscosity of Liquids 335
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8.2 Estimation of Thermal Conductivity 339
8.2.1 Thermal Conductivity of Gases 339
8.2.2 Thermal Conductivity of Liquids 342
8.3 Diffusion Coefficients 345
8.3.1 Diffusivity of Gases at Low Pressures 346
8.3.2 Diffusivity of Liquids at Low Pressures 347
8.3.3 Diffusivity of Gases and Liquids at High
Pressures 348
8.3.4 Diffusion Coefficients in Mutlicomponent
Systems 350
8.3.5 Diffusion Coefficient in Porous Media 350
8.4 Interrelationship Among Transport Properties 351
8.5 Measurement of Diffusion Coefficients in Reservoir
Fluids 354
8.6 Surface/Interfacial Tension 356
8.6.1 Theory and Definition 356
8.6.2 Predictive Methods 358
8.7 Summary and Recommendations 361
8.8 Problems 362
References 362

Chapter 9—Applications: Phase Equilibrium Calculations 365
Nomenclature 365
9.1 Types of Phase Equilibrium Calculations 366
9.2 Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium Calculations 367
9.2.1 Flash Calculations—Gas-to-Oil Ratio 368
9.2.2 Bubble and Dew Points Calculations 370

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