Page 11 - Chiral Separation Techniques

Contents XI

8 Nonchromatographic Solid-Phase Purification of Enatiomers 205
N. E. Izatt, R. L. Bruening, K. E. Krakowiak, R. M. Izatt,
J. S. Bradshaw

8.1 Introduction 205
8.2 Chemistry 207
8.3 Nonchromatographic Separation Process Description 208
8.4 Oparating Aspects of Nonchromatograph Separation Systems 211
8.4.1 Reduced Number of Process Steps 212
8.4.2 High Chemical, Optical and Volume Yields 212
8.4.3 High-Feed Throughout 212
8.4.4 Open-Ended Solvent Choice 212
8.4.5 Minimized Solvent Usage 212
8.4.6 Low Resin Consumption 213
8.5 Experimental Examples of Separations 213
8.5.1 Analytical Separation of Amine Enantiomers 213
8.5.2 Automated Test Demonstration 214
7.6 Areas of Potential Industrial and Analytical Interest for
Nonchromatographic Chiral Separations 218
8.7 Summary 219
References 220

9 Modelling and Simulation in SMB for Chiral Purification 221
Alírio E. Rodrigues, Luís S. Pais

9.1 Introduction 221
9.2 The SMB Concept 223
9.3 Modeling of SMB Processes 224
9.3.1 The SMB Model 225
9.3.2 The TMB Model 227
9.4 Simulation Results 229
9.4.1 Equivalence Between TMB and SMB Modeling Strategies 229
9.4.2 Separation Regions 233
9.5 The Steady State TMB Model 237
9.5.1 Performance Parameters 237
9.5.1.1 Effect of the Switch Time Interval 238
9.5.1.2 Effect of the Mass Transfer Resistance on the SMB
Performance 239
9.5.2 Prediction of the Separation Regions 241
9.6 Operation of the SMB Unit 244
9.6.1 Separation of Bi-Naphthol Enantiomers 245
9.6.2 Separation of Chiral Epoxide Enantiomers 245
9.7 Conclusions 252
References 252