Page 182 - Color Atlas of Biochemistry

Lipid Metabolism 173

A. Cholesterol biosynthesis

Acetyl CoA 1 Mevalonate 2 Isopentenyl diphosphate 3 Squalene 4 Cholesterol
C 2 3x C 6 1C C 5 6x C 30 3C C 27
O
Acetyl CoA 3x H 3 C C S A CH 3
OOC CH 2 C CH 2 CH 2 OH Mevalonate

3-Hydroxy- OH
3-methyl- 2 A
glutaryl CoA PP P
CH 3 O A
2
OOC CH 2 C CH 2 C S P P
A
OH 2 N A CH 3
P
Insulin OOC CH 2 C CH 2 CH 2 O P P
HMG-CoA OH Mevalonyl
Thyroxin
reductase R Cholesterol diphosphate
Glucagon 1.1.1.34 A PP P
Key enzyme
A
S 2 N A CO 2 P PP
A P
CH 3 CH 3
OOC CH 2 C CH 2 CH 2 OH C
H 2 C O P P
OH
Mevalonate Isopentenyl diphosphate
1 2

3 4
Dimethylallyl
diphosphate Isopentenyl diphosphate Squalene

O P P O P P
O + N A
2
P
Two steps
A
N
H O +
Geranyl 2 P
diphosphate P P
Lanosterol
O P P

Farnesyl
diphosphate
P P HO N A
x O + x
2
P
O P P
2 CO 2
x H O + x N A 1 HCOOH
2
P
Multiple steps
NADPH+H
P P
NADP
Squalene

Cholesterol
HO

Koolman, Color Atlas of Biochemistry, 2nd edition © 2005 Thieme
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