Page 72 - Color Atlas of Biochemistry

Amino Acids 63

A. Rare amino acids

COO COO COO COO

H N C H H N C H H N C H H N C H
3
3
3
3
CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2
CH 2 CH 2 Se H
CH 2 CH 2
OH
NH 3 H N CNH 2
OH
O
Seleno-
Ornithine Citrulline L-Dopa cysteine

B. Post-translational protein modification

D: Pyroglutamyl- B: Oligo- B: Oligo- D: Phospho- D: Acetyl- B: Pyridoxal-
Acetyl- saccharide saccharide Methyl- Methyl- Liponat
Formyl- (O-glyco- (N-glyco- γ-Carboxy- γ-Hydroxy- Biotin
Myristoyl- sylation) sylation) (Glu) Retinal
Ubiquitin

OH CONH 2 COO NH 3

H N
3
Ser, Thr Asn, Gln Asp, Glu Lys

D: derivative B: bonds with Pro

Tyr Phe His Cys
OOC

HN N SH D: 3-Hydroxy-
4-Hydroxy-

OH

D: Amido- D: Phospho- D: 4-Hydroxy- D: Phospho- D: Disulfide
(CONH ) Iodo- (Tyrosine) Methyl- Prenyl-
2
Sulfato- B: Flavin B: Heme
Adenyl- Flavin

C. Biogenic amines

Amino acid Amine Function Amino acid Amine Function
Serine Ethanol- Glutamate Glutamate γ-Amino- Neurotrans-
amine butyrate mitter (GABA)

Cysteine Cysteamine Component of Histidine Histamine Mediator, neuro-
coenzyme A transmitter
Threonine Amino- Component of Dopa Dopamine Neurotransmitter
propanol vitamin B12
Aspartate β-Alanine Component of 5-Hydroxy- Serotonin Mediator, neuro-
coenzyme A tryptophan transmitter

Koolman, Color Atlas of Biochemistry, 2nd edition © 2005 Thieme
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