Page 802 - Corrosion Engineering Principles and Practice

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“Triad, The,” 372, 373, 375 Vapor species diagrams, 669–673
Trichloroethane (Trichlor), 660 VCIs (volatile corrosion inhibitors),
Tropical climates, 333 620–623
Tufton (chrome steel), 632 Velocity:
Turbidity, of fresh water, 271 angular, 722
Turbines, 296 calculations for, 722
Turnover, 268 and corrosion control, 453
Two layer coatings, 400 Velocity-induced corrosion, 149,
2D isothermal stability diagrams, 185–194
673–675 cavitation, 192–194
Two-pin (Shepard’s canes) method, erosion-corrosion, 188–192
100 Vertical grain attacks, 157
Type I pitting, 158 Vibrating structures, 202
Type II pitting, 158, 159 Vinyl finishes, 608
Type III pitting, 158, 159 Viscosity, 723
Visual inspection, 267, 646
U Visual sounding, 267
VOCs (volatile organic
U.K. Hoar Report, 209 compounds), 615
Ultrasonic testing (UT), 151, Volatile corrosion inhibitors (VCIs),
153–154, 502 620–623
for crack detection, 521 Volatile organic compounds
and magnetic flux leakage, 519 (VOCs), 615
for wall measurement, 520, 521 Volta, Alessandro, 35, 176
Ultrasound, 266 Voltage, 723
UMIST Corrosion Discussion List, 11 Voltmeter, 51
Undercutting, 157 Volume, 723
Underdeposit acid attacks, 409 Volume flow rate, 719
Underground tanks, 402 Vortex cavitation, 194
Undeveloped events, 496 VPIs (vapor phase inhibitors), 620–623
UNESCO (United Nations Scientific
Education and Cultural
Organization), 279 W
Uniaxial stress systems, 202 Wall paints, 608
Uniform corrosion, 151–154 Warburg component, 117
Unit cells: WASPALOY, 686, 691
body-centered cubic, 23 Waste heat boilers, 298–299
face-centered cubic, 23 Waster section, 42
hexagonal close packed, 23 Water(s), 615
United Nations Scientific Education air-saturated, 91
and Cultural Organization brackish, 277
(UNESCO), 279, 280 and calcareous deposits, 280–282
United States: carbon dioxide in, 30
corrosion in, 365 cathodic protection in, 526–532
cost of corrosion damage in, 13 ICCP, 529–532
Department of Transportation (see sacrificial cathodic protection,
Department of Transportation) 527–529
soil classification in, 388 chlorination of, 311
Unplanned water recycling, 307 demineralized, 285
Urethane alkyds, 611 distilled, 285
UT (ultrasonic testing), 153–154 E-pH diagram of, 75–76
Utilities, 15 fresh, 269–276
groundwater, 269
V natural, 268–286
Valence electrons, 22–23 brackish water, 277
fresh water, 269–276
Vanadium, 675 seawater, 277–284
Vapor phase inhibitors (VPIs), 620–623 potable, 284–285